河南安阳市大司空村东地西晋十六国墓葬的发掘

Excavation of Western Jin and Sixteen Kingdoms Tombs at Dasikongcun East Locus in Anyang City,Henan

2017年3月至2018年10月,为配合段墟遗址保护区内村庄集中安置区建设工程,中国社会科学院考古研究所安阳工作队在大司空村东地进行了大规模考古发掘,发现殷墟时期遗存和丰富的汉至宋时期遗存,其中在发掘区中东部发掘了24座小型墓葬(图一)。

In 2017,the Anyang Working Team of the Institute of Archaeology,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,excavated 24 small-scale tombs at the Dasikongcun East Locus.All tombs are oriented north-south,predominately arranged in east-west rows.Based on differences in form,the tombs can be categorized into three types:shaft tombs,brick chamber tombs,and pit tombs,predominated by brick chamber tombs.Unearthed artifacts consist of pottery,bronze,iron,gold,silver,jade,and bone,as well as lacquered wood.Based on analysis of tomb form,typology,assemblage,and characteristics of grave goods,this study demonstrates that these tombs date from the middle to late Western Jin period through the Sixteen Kingdoms period.These tombs exhibit notable distinctions from Western and Eastern Jin period tombs of Han people in the Central Plains region,while sharing many similarities with both Sixteen Kingdoms period Xianbei tombs in the western Liaoning region and Western Jin and Sixteen Kingdoms period brick chamber tombs of northern ethnic groups in the Beijing region.They provide new evidence for studying social history and cultural interactions during the Western Jin and Sixteen Kingdoms period.