先秦时期城市水利考古初论

Preliminary Discussion of the Archaeology of Pre-Qin Urban Hydraulics

城市水利是城市基础设施的重要组成部分,所有中国古代城市均与水资源的合理利用和管控息息相关,古代城市水利理应成为城市考古的重点关注对象。基于文献记载和考古新发现,有学者对汉长安城及其所在区域的水利设置进行了全面研究,首次提出了“城市水利考古”概念。

Hydraulic systems represent a crucial facet of ancient Chinese urban planning,intimately intertwined with the developmental trajectory of urban societies.Archaeological inquiry into urban hydraulics has emerged as a prominent topic within archaeological research.Investigations into pre-Qin urban hydraulics have progressively matured alongside accumulation of field data.Building on a thorough survey of research history,this paper proposes a methodological framework for archaeological study of pre-Qin urban hydraulics.Objectives of such investigations should revolve around elucidating the nexus between human-environment interaction and social dynamics in the utilization of urban water resources.Elements of hydraulic infrastructure,both within and outside urban perimeters,constitute the fundamental units of urban hydraulic systems and represent the primary focus of pre-Qin urban hydraulic archaeological research.In consideration of the spatio-structural attributes of urban hydraulics,it is imperative to develop a methodological framework encompassing multiple levels of analysis,from micro-to macroscopic.