曹魏墓葬时代特征新识以荥阳南楚楼M3为中心

New Insights into Epochal Characteristics of Cao Wei Tombs:Focusing on Tomb No.3 at Nanchulou in Xingyang

长期以来,由于纪年墓和以出土文字材料能自证墓主的墓葬较为缺乏,曹魏墓葬一直是汉晋时期墓葬研究的薄弱环节,即使在曹魏政权统治中心的洛阳地区,能够判断为曹魏时期的墓葬也可谓屈指可数。迄今所知洛阳地区唯一的曹魏纪年墓是20世纪50年代发掘的洛阳涧西16工区(矿山厂)M2035。

Through examination of tomb forms,epochal characteristics of grave goods,pottery vessel assemblages,and the presence of specific grave goods with clear chronological markers,this study infers that tomb No.3 at Nanchulou in Xingyang,Henan,dates approximately to the early Cao Wei period.Through comparison to other typical tombs,Cao Wei tombs are subdivided into two phases:early Cao Wei and late Cao Wei.The tombs of the Cao Wei period in Luoyang and neighboring areas inherited most features of late Eastern Han period tombs,further amplifying elements that had emerged but were not yet prevalent in late Eastern Han period tombs,such as four-handled jars;additionally,a few new elements and modifications to existing ones were introduced.This understanding contributes to the advancement of archaeological chronology studies and facilitates deeper exploration of the relationship between dynastic transitions and cultural patterns.