乡村振兴战略背景下传统农区集体经济发展悖论及其应对策略

The Paradox of Collective Economic Development in Traditional Agricultural Areas and Its Countermeasures Under the Background of Rural Revitalization Strategy

基于各地集体经济探索的考察,通过探索式案例分析,研究发现:各地农村集体经济区域差异显著,广大传统农区市场经营型集体经济普遍失败,造成国家财政资源严重浪费。受我国既有东中西部城乡产业分工格局的结构性约束,各地农村集体经济项目失败成为常见大概率事件;同时,鉴于政绩可视性、资本诱致性、幸存者偏差、责任模糊性、产业弱质性等关键性影响因素的普遍存在,导致各地集体经济深陷发展悖论。基于此,在项目选择上,要求各地政府与集体经济组织负责人务必做好充分的项目可行性调研,以走出“责任陷阱”;在项目实施上,要求各主体在做好土地、技术等要素保障基础上,务必做好产销等全链条经营管理,以切实降低项目风险;在项目基础上,要求各方充分认识到项目落地的经济社会基础特征,以实事求是的态度正确处理各地集体经济发展问题。如何规避产业风险并减少财政资源浪费,探索匹配广大普通农村经济社会基础的集体经济发展道路,仍需社会各界持续关注。

To revitalize rural areas,industry is the support.Based on the investigation of collective economy exploration in different regions,through the exploratory case analysis,the research finds that the regional differences of collective economy in rural areas are significant,and the widespread failure of market-based collective economy in traditional agricultural areas has caused a serious waste of national financial resources.Due to the structural constraints of the division of labor between urban and rural industries in the east,middle and western regions of China,the failure of rural collective economic projects has become a common occurrence with high probability.At the same time,due to the widespread existence of key factors such as the visibility of political performance,capital inducement,survivor bias,responsibility ambiguity,and industrial weakness,the collective economy in various regions is mired in the development paradox.Based on this,in the project selection,local governments and heads of collective economic organizations must do a good job of project feasibility research to get out of the"responsibility trap".In the implementation of the project,the main body is required to do a good job in the production and marketing of the whole chain management on the basis of land,technology and other factors to effectively reduce the project risk.On the basis of the project,all parties are required to fully recognize the economic and social basic characteristics of the project landing,and correctly handle the collective economic development issues in various regions with a realistic attitude.How to avoid industrial risks and reduce the waste of financial resources,and explore the collective economic development path that matches the economic and social foundation of the general rural areas needs the continuous attention of all sectors of society.