基于数据包络分析的北京市医疗资源配置效率研究

A study on the allocation efficiency of medical resources in Beijing based on Data Envelopment Analysis

目的:分析北京市医疗资源配置效率,为北京市开展医疗资源规划提供科学依据。方法:采用数据包络分析法与Malmquist模型对北京市不同级别医院效率进行分析。结果:静态效率分析显示,一、二级医院的资源投入有待增加,三级医院资源配置效率相对较好。投影值结果显示,当前郊区的一级医院和三级医院资源产出需进一步增加,而城区应进一步增加二级医院产出并减少三级医院的诊疗负担。动态效率分析显示,2011—2020年各级别医院全要素生产率处于波动状态,但在2019—2020年显著下降。结论:2010—2020年北京市医疗资源配置总量不断提高,投入产出效率不断优化。未来应进一步协调中心城区与远郊区县医疗资源配置的关系,重点优化医疗资源疏解承载地区配置效率。

Objective:This study aims to analyze the efficiency of medical resource allocation in Beijing,providing scientific evidence for medical resource planning.Methods:Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)and the Malmquist index model were used to analyze different levels of hospital efficiency in Beijing.Results:The results of static efficiency analysis show that the resource input of primary and secondary hospitals in Beijing needs to be increased,and the resource allocation efficiency of tertiary hospitals is better.The results of the projection value analysis show that the output of resources of primary and tertiary hospitals in suburban areas should be further increased,while the output of secondary hospitals in urban areas should be further increased and reduce the burden of treatment of tertiary hospitals.The dynamic efficiency analysis shows that the total factor productivity of hospitals at all levels fluctuated from 2011 to 2020 but dropped significantly from 2019 to 2020.Conclusions:From 2010 to 2020,the total medical resource allocation in Beijing continued to increase,and the input-output efficiency continued to be optimized.However,it is essential to coordinate the relationship between medical resource allocation in central urban areas and suburban counties,focusing on improving the allocation efficiency of“relieving nonessential functions for the capital”destination in the future.