牡丹品种‘珊瑚台’花粉母细胞减数分裂行为和杂交育种试验研究

Behaviour of Pollen Mother Cells Meiosis and Hybrid Breeding Experiment of Paeonia×suffruticosa Variety‘Shanhu Tai’

以‘珊瑚台’幼嫩花蕾中的花药为材料进行花粉母细胞减数分裂行为观察,并以‘珊瑚台’作父本开展杂交育种试验研究。结果表明:减数分裂过程中存在单价体或二价体早分离、染色体桥、染色体断片、微核等一些异常现象,占总观察细胞数的13.1%;正常分裂细胞占总观察细胞数的86.9%。‘珊瑚台’作父本时,杂交后代品种遗传了‘珊瑚台’的部分性状特征,后代杂种优势明显,形态上表现为花径增大、重瓣化等特征,杂交后代的性状更加优良,观赏价值更高。‘珊瑚台’不仅可育,还是一个优良的亲本材料,可作为父本改良牡丹花色、花型等性状,培育牡丹新品种。

The anthers in the young flower buds of‘Shanhutai’were used as materials to observe the Meiosis behavior of pollen mother cells,and‘Shanhutai’was used as the male parent to carry out cross breeding experiments.The results showed that there are some abnormal phenomena during meiosis,such as early segregation of univalent or bivalent,chromosome bridge,chromosome fragment,micronucleus etc.,accounting for 13.1%of the total observed cells;Normal mitotic cells accounted for 86.9%of the total observed cells.When‘Shanhutai’is used as the male parent,the hybrid offspring varieties inherited the characteristics of‘Shanhutai’.The hybrid offspring have obvious heterosis,and the morphology is characterized by increased flower diameter and double petalization.The hybrid offspring have better characters and higher ornamental value.‘Shanhutai’is not only fertile,but also an excellent parent material,which can be used as a male parent to improve peony flower color and flower type and cultivate new Paeonia sect.Moutan varieties.