干旱区石灰岩矿山废弃地土壤改良—植被重建模式研究进展

Soil Improvement in Abandoned Areas of Arid Limestone Mines-Progress in Vegetation Reconstruction Model

矿山的开采和运营造成的生态破坏和环境污染问题严重影响区域生态安全和可持续发展。本文聚焦干旱区石灰岩矿山废弃地的生态修复,介绍了当前矿山生态修复植被重建模式研究进展,根据干旱区石灰岩矿山废弃地的特点,阐述了土壤基质重构植被筛选与配置和植被重建模式对生态修复的必要性,旨在为干旱区石灰岩矿山废弃地生态修复植被重建提供理论参考。同时提出了干旱区石灰岩矿山废弃地生态修复植被重建模式研究的重点:1)土壤基质改良措施亟待进一步研究拓展,深入研究不同土壤基质的保水保肥性,以期达到更经济、高效的土壤改良目标;2)探究更丰富的矿山生态修复植物物种,并深入了解其高效的抗旱机制;3)探索不同生态修复技术措施的配置方式,依据矿山废弃地环境背景值,因地制宜地制定高效合理的生态修复植被重建模式。

The ecological degradation and environmental contamination ensuing from the exploitation and operation of limestone quarries gravely undermine regional ecological security and jeopardize sustainable development.This study delves into the ecological remediation of desolate limestone quarries in arid zones.It reviews existing research on models for vegetation restoration in mined areas,tailoring these frameworks to the unique characteristics of limestone quarries in arid landscapes.The discussion foregrounds crucial considerations for vegetation restoration:the reconstruction of the soil matrix as a foundation,the selection and arrangement of plant species as the core process,and the implementation of a tailored restoration model for re-establishing the local ecosystem.Our objective is to furnish a theoretical foundation for ecological rehabilitation and the re-establishment of vegetation in arid limestone quarry wastes.In conclusion,the paper identifies future research priorities for the ecological rehabilitation and vegetation restoration models pertinent to arid limestone quarries:1)The improvement measures of soil matrix in limestone mines in arid areas need to be further studied and expanded,and the water and fertilizer retention of different soil matrices should be further studied in order to achieve more economical and efficient soil improvement goals;2)Explore more abundant ecological restoration plant species in limestone mines in arid areas and understand the drought resistance mechanism in depth,and use multi-level selection factors to screen ecological restoration plant species more scientifically and reasonably.3)The development of diverse technical approaches for ecological restoration is needed.An effective and appropriate model for vegetation reconstruction should be established in accordance with the environmental baseline conditions of the limestone quarry wastelands in arid regions,tailored to each site’s specific circumstances.