多针头水浴静电纺电场模拟及电压对纳米纤维包芯纱结构的影响

Simulation of electrostatic field in multi-needle water bath electrospinning and the effect of voltage on the structure of nanofiber cored yarn

纳米纤维纱线的制备一直面临着力学性能较弱和性能利用不完全的问题。针对上述问题,采用自制多针头水浴静电纺丝设备制备皮芯结构纳米纤维包芯纱,考察了电压对多针头静电纺丝工艺的影响。通过有限元分析软件ANSYS模拟其电场分布,分析多针头情况下的电场分布情况,以探究多针头产生多电场的协同作用及不同电压下纳米纤维包覆层的结构。对纳米纤维包芯纱的形态结构、孔隙率、包覆比、结晶性能和力学性能等进行分析测试。结果表明:多针头水浴静电纺丝技术可以制备具有良好皮芯结构的纳米纤维包芯纱;皮层纳米纤维的直径随着电压的增大呈先减小再增大的趋势,当电压为24 kV时,纳米纤维的平均直径达到最小值(101.42±17.25)nm,且得到的纳米纤维包覆层具有最好的力学性能(断裂强力为(12.99±1.33)cN);结晶度随着电压的增大呈先增后减的趋势,当电压为26 kV时,纳米纤维包覆层的结晶度达到最大值16.45%。

The preparation of nanofiber yarns has been challenged by weak mechanical properties and incomplete utilization of their potential.To address these issues,the influence of voltage on the multi-needle electrospinning process was investigated,and a custom-built multi-needle water bath electrospinning device was employed to prepare skin-core nanofiber-coated yarns.Finite element analysis software(ANSYS)was used to simulate and analyze the electric field distribution generated by multiple needles,exploring the synergistic effects of multiple electric fields and the structure of nanofiber coating layers under different voltages.The morphology,porosity,coating ratio,crystallinity,and mechanical properties of the nanofiber-coated yarns were analyzed and tested.The results show that multi-needle water bath electrospinning technology can produce nanofiber-coated yarns with a well-defined skin-core structure.The diameter of the cortical nanofibers first decreases and then increases with increasing voltage.At 24 kV,the average dia-meter of the nanofibers reaches a minimum value of(101.42±17.25)nm,and the resulting nanofiber coating exhibits optimal mechanical properties with a breaking strength of(12.99±1.33)cN.The crystallinity of the nanofiber coating increases initially and then decreases with increasing voltage,reaching a maximum value of 16.45%at 26 kV.