怀孕期妇女产前盆底肌功能锻炼的认知现状及影响因素分析

Cognition status of prenatal pelvic floor muscle function exercise among pregnant women and analysis of its influence factor

目的 了解怀孕期妇女对产前进行盆底肌功能锻炼相关认知的情况。方法 选择2021年5月—2022年2月在本院进行产前检查的产妇作为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、患者对尿失禁的认知情况、参与产前知识教育情况及盆底肌肉及锻炼的相关知识认知情况调查表对孕妇进行横断面调查。结果 共调查228名孕妇,年龄为(29.4±5.05)岁,孕周为(29.2±9.92)周。124名孕妇(54.4%)未参加过产前相关知识的教育;在PFME的认知中,200名产妇(87.7%)未参加过盆底肌锻炼;在PFME知识水平上,调查对象在对盆底肌相关知识的选择上,“不知道”的人数比例为21.05%~59.65%,甚至“如果我怀孕的时候尿失禁”,寻找治疗的孕妇为40.35%;在孕妇对PFME信念中,总得分为(3.38±1.15)分。多元线性回归分析,结果得出:每周锻炼次数和是否参加产前教育课程是影响知识得分的主要因素;是否有尿失禁和是否参加产前教育课程是影响信念得分的主要因素。结论 孕妇对于产前教育的参与率较低,孕妇对PFME的认知、知识水平及信念上,均不容客观,需通过不同形式选择恰当的内容和教育方式做好产前教育,提高孕妇对PFME的认知,提高孕产妇的生活质量。

Objective To investigate the cognition status on prenatal pelvic floor muscle function exercise among pregnant women.Methods The pregnant women who underwent prenatal examination in our hospital from May 2021 to February,2022 were selected as the research objects,and a cross-sectional survey was conducted on pregnant women using general information questionnaire,questionnaire on patients'cognition of urinary incontinence and participation in prenatal knowledge education,pelvic floor muscle,and exercise related knowledge and cognition.Results A total of 228 pregnant women were investigated in this study,with an age of(29.4±5.05)years and a gestational age of(29.2±9.92)weeks.124 pregnant women(54.4%)indicated that they had not participated in prenatal related knowledge education;In PFME cognition,200 women(87.7%)did not participate in pelvic floor muscle exercise.In terms of PFME knowledge,the proportion of respondents who“don't know”about pelvic floor muscle knowledge ranged from 21.05%to 59.65%,and even“if I urinary incontinence during pregnancy”,40.35%of pregnant women who sought treatment.The total score of PFME belief among pregnant women was(3.38±1.15).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the number of weekly exercise and whether to participate in prenatal education were the main factors affecting knowledge score.Urinary incontinence and attendance at prenatal education classes were the main factors affecting belief scores.Conclusions The participation rate of pregnant women in prenatal education is low.Pregnant women's cognition,knowledge level and belief in PFME are not optimistic,and prenatal education should be performed through different forms of appropriate content and education methods to improve pregnant women's cognition of PFME and improve their quality of life.