小学数学教材中“角的度量”单元内容编排分析与比较——以人教版、北师版和浙教版为例

Analysis and Comparison of the Content Arrangement of the"Measurement of Corners"Unit in Primary School Mathematics Textbooks——Taking the PEP Edition,BS Edition and ZJ Edition as Examples

文章从教材编排体系、教学内容以及习题设置三个维度对人教版、北师版和浙教版小学数学教材中“角的度量”单元相关内容的共性与差异性进行分析,发现其在教材内容编排方面均呈现递进式逻辑,习题设置注重思维开拓,以图形辅助文字表述的方式进行问题表征,问题结构以半开放型为主。人教版与北师版关于角的相关知识单元分布于第一、二两个学段,浙教版则集中于第二学段。教学内容上,人教版强调支架式教学,北师版注重生活经验,浙教版抽象度高。在习题设置方面,三版教材依次具备知识点涵盖面广、操作活动丰富、重逻辑推理的特点。教师可采用整合单元内容、丰富情境素材选取、直观操作与抽象概括相结合、优化习题设置等方式提升教学效果。

A framework is established to analyze the similarities and differences in the content of the′Measurement of Corners′unit across the PEP edition,BS edition,and ZJ edition of primary school mathematics textbooks,focusing on arrangement,content,and exercises.The textbooks feature a progressive organization,graphics for semi-open problems,and knowledge units distributed in stages.The PEP edition and BS edition distribute the knowledge units related to corners in the first and second stages,while the ZJ edition focuses on the second stage.The PEP edition emphasizes scaffolding,the BS edition highlights life experience,and the ZJ edition features a high degree of abstraction.The three editions of textbooks possess the characteristics of wide coverage of knowledge points,rich operational activities,and emphasis on logical reasoning.Teachers can improve teaching effectiveness by integrating unit content,selecting rich situational materials,combining intuitive operations with abstract summaries,and optimizing exercise settings.