瞬变电磁探测在井工煤矿生产中的重要性

The importance of transient electromagnetic detection in coal mine production

电磁法勘探主要应用于覆盖层探测,隐伏构造破碎带探测、地下水探测、防渗帷幕线探测、堤防隐患探测以及隧道超前地质预报等[1]。本文以电磁法勘探叙述瞬变电磁探测在煤矿井工开采中的重要性。水害是五大灾害之一,同时在煤矿事故中占有很大比例,为了治理水害,可采用物探和钻探的方法,物探方法很多,常见的物探是瞬变电磁探测,该方法具有密度大、速度快、成本低[2]、科技含量高、服务领域广的特点,与钻探相比,物探对地下地层可以取得连续剖面,而不是“一孔之见”或数孔之见,克服了钻孔之间地层需要进行推测等缺点,通过瞬变电磁探测,能准确的探测出前方岩体中水害存在的准确位置、预计水的压力,根据水体存在的位置及水压情况,制定出疏放水的措施以及疏放水钻孔的参数,通过施工疏放水钻孔,可验证水害情况,从而达到水害治理的目的;瞬变电磁探测方法具有施工方便、快捷、效率高优点,巧妙的解决了盲目施钻,使钻探变得更为全面化、细腻化,实现工作面本质安全型,瞬变电磁法值得大力推广。

electromagnetic exploration is mainly used in overburden detection,buried structural fracture zone detection,groundwater detection,anti-seepage curtain line detection,levee hidden trouble detection and tunnel geological prediction[1].This paper describes the importance of transient electromagnetic detection in coal mining with electromagnetic method.Water disaster is one of the five major disasters,and it accounts for a large proportion of coal mine accidents.In order to control water disaster,geophysical prospecting and drilling methods can be used,this method has the characteristics of high density,high speed,low cost,high technology content and wide service field,rather than a“One-hole view”or a“Few-hole view”,it overcomes the shortcomings of the need to speculate on the formation between boreholes,through transient electromagnetic detection,it can accurately detect the exact location of the water disaster in the rock mass ahead and predict the pressure of the water.According to the location and pressure of the water body,it can work out the measures of drainage and the parameters of the drainage borehole,the method of transient electromagnetic detection has the advantages of convenience,rapidity and high efficiency,which solves the problem of blind drilling skillfully,it makes the drilling become more comprehensive and delicate,and realizes the essential safety of the working face.The transient electromagnetic method is worth popularizing.