金矿资源勘查中的环境保护分析--以LNG金矿为例

Environmental Protection Analysis in Gold Mine Resource Exploration--Taking the LNG Gold Mine as an Example

金矿的探采通常会对矿区环境造成污染与破坏,以LNG金矿区为例进行分析。主要从矿区地质条件分析涌水量、排水情况及垮塌、滑坡与掉块等地质灾害风险,根据浸矿实验分析矿山重金属污染种类与强度。结果表明:金矿勘查与开采过程中可能产生崩塌、滑坡,选矿中产生的氧化中和渣和含氰废渣可能会对环境造成影响。提出建议:①该矿山开采时注意处理边坡危岩体,掘进中应采取合理的施工方法与支护方法。②为避免矿区水污染,矿区各库修建高程在410 m以上,堆场四周修建截洪沟,炭浸尾矿库采用双人工衬层防渗,衬层的渗透系数达10^(-12) cm/s。尾矿库区设置污染监井对地下水进行定期监测。③库区严禁爆破、采石、挖土、滥挖尾矿和炸鱼等危害尾矿库安全的活动。④氰化渣含有氰化物,氧化渣中含有砷酸钙、砷酸铁,属于国家危险废物名录范围,应进行特殊处置。研究结果可为同行提供借鉴作用。

The exploration and mining of gold mines usually cause pollution and damage to the mining environment.Taking a gold mining area in Guizhou Province as an example,this paper mainly analyzes the geological conditions of the mining area,such as water inflow,drainage conditions,and geological disaster risks such as collapse,landslide,and falling blocks.The types and intensity of heavy metal pollution in mines based on leaching experiments are analyzed.The results indicate that collapses and landslides may occur in the process of gold exploration and mining,and the oxidation neutralizing slag and cyanide-containing waste residue generated in beneficiation may have an impact on the environment.Suggestions:①collapse and landslides may occur during the exploration and mining process of gold mines.Attention should be paid to handling dangerous rock slopes during mining,and reasonable construction and support methods should be adopted during excavation.②To avoid water pollution in the mining area,the elevation of each reservoir in the mining area is above 410m,and flood interception ditches are built around the storage yard.The carbon leaching tailings pond adopts double artificial lining for seepage prevention,with a permeability coefficient of 10^(12) cm/s.Pollution monitoring wells in the tailing storage area is set up to regularly monitor groundwater.③Activities that endanger the safety of tailings such as blasting,quarrying,digging soil,indiscriminate excavation of tailings,and fish bombing are strictly prohibited in the reservoir area.The analysis and research results of this paper can provide a reference for peers.④Cyanide slag contains cyanide,and oxidation slag contains calcium arsenate and iron arsenate,which belongs to the scope of the national hazardous to the treatment of dangerous rock masses on the slope when mining,and reasonable construction methods and support methods should be adopted during the excavation.