清末雄安地区小学教育发微(1903—1911)

On Small Primary School Education of Xiongan Area in the Late Qing Dynasty (1903-1911)

雄安地区小学教育发轫于清末全国性兴学运动浪潮,受自身县域社会的影响,新式小学堂多由先前的书院改设而来,因教师匮乏与经济窘困使得在教学中多使用“单级班”或“复式教学班”的组织形式,在课程设置上也根据当地实际情况进行了一定精简。雄安地区作为清末直隶省的重要县域组成部分,又与京、津等地毗邻,使得雄安地区既在行政区划上受到直隶省会保定府的管辖,又在地缘上受到京、津地区的辐射,这一时期小学教育的发展虽然起步晚,但发展较快,高速发展下又使得其内部结构存在不均衡性的弊端。

Xiongan area primary education started in the wave of national education movement in the late Qing Dynasty,influenced by its county society,the new small school changed by the previous academy,due to the lack of teachers and economic embarrassment makes more in teaching use"single level class"or"duplex teaching class"organization form,on the curriculum also streamlined according to the local actual situation.As an important county component of Zhili province in the late Qing Dynasty,Xiongan area was adjacent to Beijing,Tianjin,which made Xiongan not only subject to the jurisdiction of Baoding government,but also geographically exposed to the radiation of Beijing and Tianjin.Although the development of primary education in this period started late,it developed rapidly,and its internal structure was unbalanced due to the rapid development.