新型基础设施的节能降耗效应——来自特高压工程建设的微观证据

New Infrastructure Effect on Energy Saving--Microscopic Evidence from the UHV Transmission Projects Construction

本文以特高压输电工程建设为准自然实验,基于全国税收调查微观数据,考察新基建对企业节能降耗的影响。研究发现特高压建设使当地企业能源消费总量和强度平均分别降低约5.8%和9.0%。本文检验了两个可能的影响渠道,即规模经济效应和结构优化效应。这两种效应在工程输出地和输入地企业中的渠道机制明显不同。进一步研究发现,特高压输电工程能够有效校正能源产业发展中长期存在的“错配”与“短板”问题,促进全国能源统一大市场发展。

We investigate the impact of new infrastructure--the ultra high voltage(UHV)power transmission project-on the energy saving of firms.Using the national tax survey data,we find that the UHV construction reduced the total and intensity of energy consumption by about 5.8%and 9.0%.Two channels are tested,namely the scale economy effect and the structure optimization effect,and they are different in the exporting and importing places.Further analysis shows that the project can effectively correct the problems of"mismatch"and"short board"in the energy industry,promoting the unification of the national energy market.