商业性医疗保险的居民参保意愿研究——基于逆向选择和正向选择效应的双重检验

A Study on Residents’Willingness to Participate in Commercial Medical Insurance——A Double Test Based on the Effect of Adverse Selection and Forward Selection

商业医疗保险作为多层次医疗保障体系重要组成部分,其购买意愿值得深入探讨。本文基于信息不对称模型,使用中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2021年数据,选取商业医疗保险参保意愿为被解释变量,个人健康状况为解释变量,风险厌恶为中介变量,通过Logit模型及Probit模型等计量方法对国内商业医疗保险的参保意愿进行逆向选择和正向选择的双重检验。研究发现,在信息不对称市场及多维异质性因素下,风险厌恶作为中介变量,与个人健康状况之间具有正向中介作用,个人身体状况越健康其风险厌恶程度越高,风险厌恶程度越高的个人参保商业医疗保险意愿更强,所以国内商业医疗保险市场中参保意愿表现正向选择效应,个人健康状况越健康,对商业医疗保险参保需求越大。为更好地发挥商业医疗保险在多层次医疗保障体系中的补充作用,建议通过提高民众保险及风险预防意识、加强健康生活方式宣传以及设计合理保费优惠等措施。

As an important part of the multi-level medical security system,the purchase willingness of com-mercial medical insurance is worthy of in-depth discussion.Based on the information asymmetry model,using the data of the China Comprehensive Social Survey(CGSS)in 2021,this paper selects the willingness to participate in commercial medical insurance as the explanatory variable,per-sonal health status as the explanatory variable,and risk aversion as the mediating variable.The results show that under the information asymmetric market and multi-dimensional heterogeneity factors,risk aversion,as a mediating variable,has a positive mediating effect with personal health status,the healthier the individual’s physical condition,the higher the risk aversion,and the higher the risk aversion,the stronger the willingness of individuals to participate in commercial medical insurance,so the willingness to participate in the domestic commercial medical insurance market shows a positive selection effect,and the healthier the personal health status,the greater the demand for commercial medical insurance.In order to better play the supplementary role of commercial medical insurance in the multi-level medical security system,it is recommended to improve the awareness of public insurance and risk prevention,strengthen the promotion of healthy lifestyle,and design reasonable premium discounts.