朝鲜英祖朝政局与《资治通鉴纲目》三次经筵进讲——以“荡平策”讨论为中心

On the Political Situation of Yingzu Period in Joseon Dynasty and the Three Lectures of Zi Zhi Tong Jian Gang Mu in Jingyan——Centered on the Discussions of the Policy of Dangping

1724年,李吟以王世弟身份成为国王,即朝鲜王朝英祖。面对激烈的党争,他力图通过推行“荡平策”以消弭党争和维持政局稳定。但随着局势发展,荡平局面逐渐被打破。在此过程中,《资治通鉴纲目》三次用于经筵,进讲时英祖君臣对“荡平策”讨论的变化,恰与英祖朝政局之发展相吻合。《纲目》在朝鲜英祖朝经筵进讲之过程,及其与英祖朝政治的互动,既源于以《纲目》为代表的儒家文化在朝鲜王朝的重要影响力,也源于《纲目》被视为史中经,具有明正统、昭鉴戒之功用,恰与英祖的政治需求相吻合。

In 1724,Li Qin,the wang shidi(王世弟;the brother of king)who was later known as Yingzu(英祖),became the new king of the Joseon Dynasty.Faced with fierce party struggles,he attempted to eliminate contradictions and maintained political stability by implementing"the policy of dangping(荡平策)".However,as the situation developed,the balance of power among parties have been disrupted.In this process,Zi Zhi Tong Jian Gang Mu has been used as the textbook of Jingyan(经筵;imperial lectures)three times.During the lectures,the discussions on the policy of dangping by Yingzu and his ministers has correspondingly changed,which coincided with the development of the political situation.The discussions on Gang Mu,as well as its interaction with the politics,originated not only from the important influence of Confucian culture,but also from the fact that Gang Mu was seen as a historical classic,with the functions of clarifying legitimacy and providing lessons,which were in accordance with the political needs of Yingzu.