刑事诉讼中单位诉讼代表人拒不出庭的程序应对

Response to the Failure of Unit Litigation Representatives to Appear in Criminal Proceedings

单位犯罪案件中通常由诉讼代表人代替单位出庭参与诉讼,但是实践中有时会出现诉讼代表人拒不出庭的情况,对此法律法规将拘传作为强制诉讼代表人出庭的手段。但是,对拒不出庭的诉讼代表人采取拘传手段,不具有正当性、合法性,也无必要。诉讼代表人具有与其他诉讼代表人相同的法律地位,因此不能对其采取作为强制措施的拘传手段。由于诉讼代表人具有可替代性,因此也不必要对其采取强制到案的拘传措施。在诉讼代表人必须出庭维护单位诉讼权益的情况下,需要寻找新的替代措施督促诉讼代表人参与诉讼,以保障单位犯罪案件诉讼程序顺利进行。

In criminal cases involving legal entities,it is common for a legal representative to appear on behalf of the entity in litigation.However,in practice,situations may arise where the legal representative refuses to attend court proceedings.Summons is recognized by laws and regulations as a means to compel the mandatory appearance and participation in litigation activi-ties,typically applicable to indispensable parties and witnesses who have a necessary obligation to appear.The legitimacy and legality of applying summons measures to legal representatives in corporate litigation raise questions in theory.Legal representatives have the same legal status as other representatives and should not be subject to coercive measures such as summons.Given the substitutability of legal representatives,it is unnecessary to resort to coercive summons measures.In cases where the presence of a legal representative is essential to safeguard the liti-gation rights of the entity,alternative measures should be explored to ensure the participation of the legal representative and the smooth progress of the criminal proceedings involving legal enti-ties.