论监察权是“法纪监督权”

The Supervisory Power as"Disciplinary Supervision Right"from a Judicial Perspective

无论是在改革试点阶段还是宪法修正案通过以后,独立设置的监察机关究竟是什么性质的机关之争论一直未能停止,其中“政治机关”“反腐败机关”是有较大影响力的主张。然而,这样的定性无法与行政机关、审判机关、检察机关等区别开来,反映不出监察机关与这些机关之间在功能上究竟有何不同。总体上看,监察权是监督权,但与其他机关的监督权属于附属性不同,具有独立性,由此决定了监察机关是专门的“法纪监督机关”。将监察机关在功能上定位于“法纪监督机关”,能够比较准确地确定其担负的职责,为实现国家治理体系和治理能力的现代化奠定制度性的基础。

No matter during the reform pilot stage or after the adoption of the Constitutional A-mendment,the debate on the nature of the independently established Commissions of Supervi-sion has not stopped.Among them,"political agencies"and"anti-corruption agencies"are the most influential ideas.However,such a characterization cannot be distinguished from ad-ministrative agencies,judicial agencies,procuratorial agencies,etc.,and does not reflect the functional differences between Commissions of Supervision and these agencies.Generally speaking,supervisory power is the power of overseeing,but unlike the overseeing powers of other agencies,which are subordinate and independent,the Commissions of Supervision is a specialized"law and discipline supervision agency."Functionally positioning the Commissions of Supervision as a"law and discipline supervision agency"can more accurately determine its responsibilities and lay an institutional foundation for the modernization of the national govern-ance system and governance capabilities.