侵害个人信息权益适用精神损害赔偿的困境及路径探析

Exploring the Dilemma and Path of Applying Moral Damage Compensation for Infringement of Personal Information Rights and Interests

侵害个人信息权益造成的损害包括财产损害和精神损害两类。侵害个人信息权益在精神损害赔偿方面存在请求权基础争议、“严重精神损害”证明困难以及精神损害数额难以确定等适用困境。个人信息具有明显的人格权属性,与人格自由与人格尊严有着密切的联系。因此,个人信息权益遭受损害时被侵权人主张精神损害赔偿有理论正当性基础及法规范依据,应当从困境出发寻找精神损害赔偿的适用路径,以期能够对侵害个人信息权益所致精神损害的救济问题作出更完美的回应。

Damages caused by infringement of personal information rights and interests include both prop-erty damage and moral damage.There are disputes over the legal basis for claiming compensation for moral damage related to the infringement of the rights and interests of personal information,difficulties in proving“serious moral damage”and challenges in determining the amount of com-pensation for moral damage,leading to difficulties in applying the relevant legal provisions.Per-sonal information has obvious attributes of personality rights and is closely related to personal freedom and dignity.Therefore,when personal information rights and interests suffer damage,the infringer’s claim for compensation for moral damages has a theoretical justification and legal normative basis,and the path of application of compensation for moral damages should be sought from the dilemma,so as to be able to make a more perfect response to the issue of relief for moral damages caused by infringement of personal information rights and interests.