子痫前期发生相关危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors related to the occurrence of preeclampsia

目的分析子痫前期发生的相关因素,为围产期保健提供参考,预防或减少子痫前期的发生。方法回顾性分析2022年1—12月于滨州医学院附属医院分娩的6247名孕妇临床资料,以孕妇不同特征分组,统计分析各组子痫前期发病率,分析子痫前期可能的影响相关因素。结果2022年子痫前期患者257例,患病率为4.11%;相关性分析结果显示,慢性高血压、妊娠糖尿病、多胎妊娠、年龄≥35岁、孕前BMI≥24 kg/m^(2),非初产患者子痫前期的发病率高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而与人口类型、流产经历无关,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。logistic回归分析中,慢性高血压、妊娠糖尿病、多胎妊娠、年龄≥35岁、孕前体重指数(BMI)≥24 kg/m^(2)是子痫前期的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论慢性高血压、妊娠糖尿病、多胎妊娠、年龄≥35岁、孕前BMI≥24 kg/m^(2)为子痫前期的高危因素,对具有高危因素的孕妇加强监管,对子痫前期患者予以足够重视,加强孕期保健及干预,改善不良妊娠结局发生。

Objective To analyze the relevant factors of preeclampsia,provide reference for perinatal health care,and prevent or reduce the occurrence of preeclampsia.Methods Retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 6247 pregnant women who delivered in Binzhou Medical University Hospital from January to December 2022.The patients were divided into different groups according to different characteristics of pregnant women.Statistical analysis was made on the incidence rate of preeclampsia in each group.The possible influencing factors of preeclampsia were analyzed.Results In 2022,there were 257 patients with preeclampsia,with a prevalence rate of 4.11%;In the correlation analysis,chronic hypertension,gestational diabetes,multiple pregnancies,age≥35 years old,pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI)≥24 kg/m^(2),and incidence rate of preeclampsia in the non-primipara group were high,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05),but there was no significant correlation with population type and abortion experience,with no statistically significant differences(P>0.05).In the logistic regression analysis,chronic hypertension,gestational diabetes,multiple pregnancies,age≥35 years old,and pre-pregnancy BMI≥24 kg/m^(2)were the risk factors for preeclampsia(P<0.05).Conclusion Chronic hypertension,gestational diabetes,multiple pregnancies,age≥35 years old,and pre-pregnancy BMI≥24 kg/m^(2)are the high-risk factors for preeclampsia,so we should strengthen the supervision of pregnant women with high-risk factors,pay sufficient attention to patients with preeclampsia,and strengthen the health care and interventions during pregnancy,to improve the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.