一起精神病医院聚集性发热疫情的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of a cluster of fever outbreaks in a psychiatric hospital

目的对某精神病医院聚集性发热疫情进行调查处置,分析疫情流行特征和发生原因,为今后精神病院处置类似疫情提供参考。方法采用现场流行病学方法对此次疫情进行调查,应用RT-PCR方法进行呼吸道多病原检测,结合病例临床特征,分析疫情的流行特征和可能的暴发原因。结果该院老年精神科病区2023年12月25日—26日共报告9例发热病例,罹患率10.11%。经呼吸道多病原检测咽拭子标本7份,甲型流行性感冒病毒(简称流感病毒)阳性标本5份,呼吸道合胞病毒阳性2份,肺炎链球菌阳性2份,其他均为阴性,合并感染3例。初步判定为一起以流感病毒为主的多种病原体混合感染引起的聚集性发热疫情。结论医务人员带病上岗、流感疫苗接种率低、病房通风不佳,是此次疫情发生的主要原因,及时进行隔离治疗是最有效的防控措施之一。

Objective To investigate and handle the clustered fever epidemic in a certain psychiatric hospital,analyze the causes and epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak,and provide reference for similar outbreaks in psychiatric hospitals in the future.Methods The field epidemiological methods were used to investigate the epidemic situation,and the respiratory multi-pathogen detection was conducted using the RT-PCR method.Combined with the clinical characteristics of the cases,the epidemic characteristics and possible causes of the outbreak were analyzed.Results From December 25th to 26th,2023,a total of 9 cases with fever were reported in the geriatric psychiatric ward of the hospital,with the incidence rate of 10.11%.Seven throat swab specimens were tested for multiple respiratory pathogens,and the results showed that 5specimens were positive for influenza A virus,2 specimens were positive for respiratory syncytial virus,2 specimens were positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae,and all other pathogen tests were negative,3 cases were co infected.It was preliminarily determined to be a clustered fever outbreak caused by mixed infection of multiple pathogens,mainly influenza virus.Conclusions The main reasons for the outbreak of this epidemic include medical personnel working with illnesses,low influenza vaccination rates,and poor ventilation in the ward.Timely isolation and treatment are one of the most effective prevention and control measures.