微塑料对瘤背石磺活力、消化和抗氧化性能的影响

Effects of Microplastics on Activity,Digestion and Antioxidation Capability of Onchidium reevesii

为探究微塑料暴露对海洋滩涂贝类的毒性效应,将体质量(8.3±0.5)g的瘤背石磺暂养在70 cm×50 cm×40 cm塑料箱内(90头/箱),3 d后将其暴露在微塑料低暴露量组(0.03%,微塑料质量/底泥质量)、中暴露量组(0.06%)、高暴露量组(0.09%)以及对照组(不含微塑料)中,研究暴露6、24 h和48 h对瘤背石磺的活力(爬行距离)、消化酶活性和抗氧化酶活性的影响。试验结果显示,在急性微塑料暴露下,所有试验组瘤背石磺的活力均明显下降。在所测定的消化酶指标中,低暴露量(0.03%)微塑料暴露6 h后瘤背石磺胃与肝胰腺中蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性显著提高(P<0.05);中暴露量(0.06%)微塑料暴露6 h后肠道脂肪酶活性显著提高(P<0.05);高暴露量(0.09%)微塑料显著降低瘤背石磺肠道淀粉酶活性(P<0.05)。在抗氧化相关酶中,高暴露量微塑料暴露6 h后显著提高瘤背石磺肝胰腺超氧化物歧化酶活性和降低过氧化氢酶活性(P<0.05);低暴露量微塑料显著增加瘤背石磺肝胰腺和体腔液中丙二醛含量(P<0.05)。试验结果表明,急性微塑料暴露显著影响瘤背石磺活力、消化和抗氧化性能。试验结果可对瘤背石磺的物种保护起到一定的参考作用。

In order to probe the toxic effect of microplastics exposure on marine beach shellfish,Onchidium reevesii with body weight of(8.3±0.5) g was kept in a 70 cm×50 cm×40 cm plastic tank(90 individuals/tank),and then was exposed to the low microplastics exposure(0.03%,microplastic mass/sediment mass),medium exposure(0.06%),high exposure group(0.09%),and control group(without microplastics).The effects of exposure for 6 h,24 h,and 48 h on the activity(crawling distance) of O.reevesii,and activities of digestive enzymes and antioxidant enzymes were analyzed.Results showed that weak activities of O.reevesii were obviously observed in acute exposure to microplastics.At 6 h,the activities of protease,amylase(AMS) and lipase(LPS) in stomach and hepatopancreas(P<0.05) were found to be increased in the lower exposure(0.03%) of microplastics,the activity of lipase(LPS) in the intestine was shown to be increased in the medium exposure(0.06%),and to be decreased in the activity of AMS in the intestine in the higher exposure(0.09%).For the antioxidation-related enzymyes,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) was increased,catalase(CAT) decreased in the lower exposure,and the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA) increased in hepatopancreas and coelomic fluid(P<0.05) at 6-hour exposure in higher exposure.The findings showed that the acute exposure of microplastics affected activity,digestion and antioxidation capability of O.reevesii obviously,and that provide a certain reference value for the species protection of O.reevesii.