中华绒螯蟹攻击性差异的比较转录组研究

Comparative Transcriptome on Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir siensis with Aggressive Differences

为探究中华绒螯蟹攻击性差异的分子基础,对强、弱两种攻击性中华绒螯蟹的胸神经节进行转录组测序与分析。用直径5 mm、长40 cm铁棒刺激试验蟹大螯时,蟹用大螯夹住或推开铁棒记为攻击1次,而面对铁棒刺激逃跑或静止不动则不记。1只蟹3轮测试攻击次数平均值大于或等于刺激次数平均值(5次)则为强攻击性蟹,反之则为弱攻击性蟹。结果显示:在两种攻击性中华绒螯蟹中,共检测出3999个差异表达基因,其中强攻击性蟹上调表达的基因有1556个,主要富集于cAMP信号传导、RAS信号传导等通路;而下调表达的基因有2443个,主要富集在色氨酸代谢、碳水化合物代谢等与生长代谢相关的通路。进一步分析发现,五羟色胺(5-HT)受体基因(5-HT1AR、5-HT2BR和5-HT7R)可能参与了中华绒螯蟹攻击性行为的分子调控;实时灾光定量PCR结果显示,弱攻击蟹的胸神经节和螯足肌中5-HT2BR基因表达水平显著高于强攻击组,而在血淋巴与肝胰腺中的5-HT1AR基因和5-HT2BR基因表达显著低于强攻击组。本试验结果表明:强攻击性中华绒螯具有更活跃的神经信号传导能力;血淋巴与肝胰腺中5-HT受体基因的高表达促进中华绒螯蟹的攻击性,而胸神经节和螯足肌的高表达抑制中华绒螯蟹的攻击性。

In order to explore the molecular basis of the differences in aggression behavior of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis,comparative transcriptome analysis was conducted on the thoracic ganglia of the two groups of Chinese mitten crab with distinct aggressive differences.When the test crab claw was stimulated with a 5 mm in diameter and 40 cm long iron rod,the crab pinching or pushing away the iron rod with the chela was recorded as an attack,while it was not recordeded when fleeing or standing still in the face of the iron rod stimulation.A crab with an average number of attacks in three rounds of tests greater than or equal to the mean stimulus(5 times) was a strong attack crab,and vice versa.The results showed that a total of 3999 differentially expressed genes were identified between the strong and weak aggressive groups,in which 1556 genes were up-regulated and 2443 genes were down-regulated in the strong aggressive group.The up-regulated genes in the strong aggressive group were mainly enriched in cAMP signaling and RAS signaling pathways.The down-regulated genes were mainly enriched in growth-related pathways including tryptophan metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism.Meanwhile,the results pointed out that the 5-HT receptor genes were involved in the molecular regulation of aggressive behavior in Chinese mitten crab,and the expression levels of 5-HT receptor gene,5-HT2BR,in the pectoralis ganglion and chelopods muscle were higher in the weak aggressive group than that of the strong aggressive group.However,there were lower expression levels of 5-HT2AR and 5-HT2BR in hemolymph and hepatopancreas than those in the aggressive group.The findings indicated that the strong aggressive behaviour of Chinese mitten crab would have more active nerve signal transduction ability,and that 5-HT receptor genes played roles in regulating aggressive behavior of Chinese mitten crab.