林果冷链物流系统的三主体共生演化关系

Three-subject symbiotic evolution relationship of forest and fruit products cold chain logistics system

【目的】针对林果产品冷链物流各环节的联系不够紧密、各参与主体缺乏有效衔接互动的现状,构建林果冷链物流参与主体理想共生模式的实现路径,推动林果冷链物流参与主体资源共享和优势互补,进一步提升各参与主体的市场竞争力,实现三者的共生共赢、互惠互利,从而助推我国林业高质量发展。【方法】构建了林果产品冷链物流系统两主体和三主体的Lotka-Volterra动态演化模型,探究两主体和三主体在不同共生模式下的平衡点和稳定条件,并且通过数值仿真分析两主体和在此基础上引入的三主体共生演化趋势,讨论冷链物流提供商的加入对林果产品冷链物流系统内部共生关系的影响。【结果】发现林果产品冷链物流两主体和三主体的共生演化结果及均衡稳定条件是由共生作用系数所决定的;林果产品冷链物流系统两主体的共生模式由于运输技术等约束其发展,难以实现整体的互惠共生,两主体共生演化的最大环境容量均小于引入了冷链物流提供商的三主体共生演化的最大环境容量;林果产品冷链物流参与主体的最终稳定规模达到最大的模式是三主体互惠共生模式,冷链物流提供商的引入能够显著提升林果产品经营主体和林果产品需求者的规模,三主体互惠共生模式是林果产品冷链物流系统共生演化的最佳状态,是真正意义上的互惠共生。【结论】为促进林果产品冷链物流三主体互惠共生模式的形成,林果冷链物流参与主体在提高自身竞争力的同时也要注重创新性和服务水平;地方政府应采取平衡各参与主体发展的综合调控对策,协调三方之间的关系;中央政府应积极完善市场的标准化建设,提供良好的外部环境,以此促进其互惠共生关系的形成。

【Objective】In view of the current situation that the links of the cold chain logistics of forest and fruit products were not closely linked and the participants lacked effective connection and interaction,the realization path of the ideal symbiosis mode of the participants in the cold chain logistics of forest and fruit was constructed to promote the resource sharing and complementary advantages of the participants in the cold chain logistics of forest and fruit,further enhance the market competitiveness of the participants,and realize the symbiosis and mutual benefit of the three,so as to promote the high-quality development of forestry in China.【Method】The Lotka-Volterra dynamic evolution models of the two and three subjects of the cold chain logistics system of forest and fruit products were constructed respectively and the equilibrium points and stability conditions of the two and three subjects under different symbiotic modes were explored.The symbiotic evolution trend of the two and three subjects was analyzed by numerical simulation,and the influence of the addition of cold chain logistics providers on the internal symbiotic relationship of the cold chain logistics system of forest and fruit products was discussed.【Result】It was found that the symbiotic evolution results and equilibrium stability conditions of the cold chain logistics of forest and fruit products were determined by the symbiotic interaction coefficient.The symbiotic mode of the two subjects was difficult to achieve the overall mutual symbiosis due to the constraints of transportation technology and other constraints.The maximum environmental capacity of the two subjects was less than the maximum environmental capacity of the symbiotic evolution of the three subjects introduced by the cold chain logistics provider.The final stable scale of the participants in the cold chain logistics of forest and fruit products reached the maximum model was the three-subject reciprocal symbiosis model.The introduction of cold chain logistics providers significantly increased the scale of forest and fruit product business entities and demanders.The model was the best state of the symbiotic evolution of the cold chain logistics system of forest and fruit products,and it was a true sense of reciprocal symbiosis.【Conclusion】In order to promote the formation of the three-subject reciprocal symbiosis model of cold chain logistics of forest and fruit products,the participants of forest and fruit cold chain logistics should pay attention to innovation and service level while improving their competitiveness.Local governments should take comprehensive control measures to balance the development of various participants and coordinate the relationship;the central government should actively improve the standardization of the market and provide a good external environment to promote the formation of its mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship.