人工鱼礁群对单桩基础局部冲刷防护效应的试验研究

Experimental study on effect of artificial reefs on local scour protection of monopile foundation

为探究人工鱼礁群对单桩基础冲刷的影响,在波流水槽中开展局部冲刷物理模型试验,分析不同波流条件、鱼礁类型、布置方式以及鱼礁群与桩基础距离条件下鱼礁群的自身稳定性及其对桩基的防护效果.结果表明:立方体空心礁相比实心礁具有更好的稳定性,交错布置对桩基础冲刷的防护效果优于均匀布置形式;纯流作用下,人工鱼礁群桩基础冲刷深度的削弱效果随流速的增大而减小;波流作用下,空心礁对桩基础冲刷深度的削弱效果更优;2种礁体的不同平面布置形式对桩基础冲刷范围的削弱程度相近;鱼礁群与桩基础前缘距离的改变影响桩基础冲刷深度和冲刷形态.

To investigate the influence of artificial reefs on the scour of monopile foundations,a series of physical model experiments on local scour were conducted in a wave-flume.The self-stability of artificial reefs and the protective effects on monopile foundations were analyzed under different wave and flow conditions,types of reefs,layouts,and distances between artificial reefs and monopile foundations.The results show that hollow cubic reefs exhibit better stability than solid reefs.The interlaced arrangement provides superior protection against scour for the monopile foundation compared with the uniform arrangement.Under pure flow conditions,the reduction in the scour depth around the monopile foundation due to artificial reefs decreases with the increase of the flow velocity.Under wave and flow conditions,hollow reefs show better effect on the reduction in the scour depth around the monopile foundation.The different layouts of two types of reefs result in a similar reduction in the scour area around the pile foundation.Changes in the distances between the artificial reefs and the edge of the monopile foundation affect both the depth and morphology of scour.