社会学视角下基于语料库的译者风格对比研究——以《孔乙己》的两英译本为例

A Comparative Study of Corpus-Based Translators’Styles from a Sociological Perspective with Two English Versions of“Kong Yiji”as an Example

基于自建语料库,采用定量和定性分析相结合的方法,以《孔乙己》斯诺译本和杨宪益、戴乃迭译本为研究对象,首先从词汇、句法和语篇三个层面对译者翻译风格进行量化分析,探究两译本在语言层面的特点,然后以布迪厄的场域-惯习论为理论基础对风格成因进行质性分析。研究发现:总体而言,杨戴夫妇的源语资本、文化资本更雄厚,译文以目的语为中心,翻译倾向于简化,短句更多,可读性更高;斯诺的目的语资本更雄厚,译本以源语为中心,翻译倾向于明晰化,长句更多,文学性更强。

Based on the self-built corpus,using Snow’s translation and Yang Xianyi and Dai Naidie’s translation of“Kong Yiji”as the objects,this study adopts a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis to analyze the translation styles and the linguistic characteristics in terms of lexical,syntactic,and discourse dimensions,and then use Bourdieu’s field-habitus theory as the theoretical basis for the qualitative analysis.The study finds that:on the whole,the source language capital and Chinese cultural capital of Yang Xianyi and Dai Naidie are more,the translation is foreign culture-oriented,and the translation tends to be simplified,with more short sentences and higher readability;while Snow’s target language capital is stronger,and the translation is source culture-oriented,and the translation tends to be explicit,with more long sentences and stronger literariness.