数字贸易壁垒对居民生活成本的影响和机制分析

Analysis of the Impact and Mechanism of Digital Trade Barriers on Residents'Living Costs

随着数字技术的快速发展和广泛应用,全球贸易方式和贸易标的逐渐数字化,数字贸易规模逐年上升。但随之而来的是数据隐私安全和知识产权问题,各国纷纷出台相关数字贸易限制措施,形成数字贸易壁垒。利用2014-2022年50个经济体的样本,分析数字贸易壁垒对居民生活成本的影响和机制。研究发现:(1)数字贸易壁垒会显著提高居民生活成本,居民收入水平和国家治理能力越高、数字贸易基础设施越完善,数字贸易壁垒对其居民生活成本的影响越小;(2)基础设施与连接、电子交易、支付系统和其他方面的数字贸易壁垒对居民生活成本发挥作用,知识产权方面数字贸易壁垒对居民生活成本的作用并不显著;(3)基础设施与连接和电子交易的壁垒具有生产成本和贸易成本的中间作用机制,支付系统和其他方面数字贸易壁垒的影响只具有生产成本的中间作用机制。

With the rapid development and wide application of digital technology,global trade methods and trade targets are gradually digitized,and the scale of digital trade is increasing year by year.However,issues of data privacy and intellectual property have also arisen.Many countries have introduced relevant digital trade restriction measures,thus forming digital trade barriers.Using a sample of 50 economies between 2014 and 2022,this paper analyzes the impact and mechanism of digital trade barriers on residents'cost of living.The findings are as follows:(1)Digital trade barriers will significantly increase the living cost of residents.The higher the income level and country's governance capacity,and the better the digital trade infrastructure,the less the impact of digital trade barriers on the living cost of residents;(2)Infrastructure and connectivity,electronic transactions,payment systems and other aspects of digital trade barriers play a major role,while the role of intellectual property digital trade barriers is not significant;(3)Barriers to infrastructure and connectivity and electronic transactions have an intermediate mechanism of production costs and trade costs,while the impact of barriers to payment systems and other aspects only has an intermediate mechanism of production costs.