Ⅰ型Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞的手术治疗策略

Surgical treatment strategy for Chiari typeⅠmalformation complicated with syringomyelia

目的探讨有限后颅窝减压联合硬膜扩大修补术治疗Ⅰ型Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞的临床疗效和手术经验。方法回顾性分析我院经有限后颅窝减压联合硬膜扩大修补术治疗的47例Ⅰ型Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞患者的临床资料。术后复查MRI评估后颅窝容积变化、小脑扁桃体形态以及脊髓空洞形态变化等。采用日本骨科协会(JOA)评分评估患者神经功能改善情况,并记录并发症发生情况。结果47例患者均顺利完成有限后颅窝减压联合硬膜扩大修补术。术后并发症主要为单侧肢体麻木、切口疼痛、发热、皮下积液等,均经保守对症治疗后痊愈。随访期间患者临床症状和神经功能均有不同程度地改善和好转,无神经功能恶化或死亡病例。患者术后3个月的JOA评分为(15.83±1.31)分,高于术前的(14.66±2.06)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后6个月MRI显示,47例患者均可见脊髓空洞范围缩小或消失。结论有限后颅窝减压联合硬膜扩大修补术治疗Ⅰ型Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞在保证减压效果的同时,还可以增加对后颅窝内容物的支撑,有效预防术后局部粘连,并恢复枕大池区脑脊液正常生理循环,是Ⅰ型Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞的有效治疗方式。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and surgical experience of modified posterior fossa decompression combined with dural expansion repair in the treatment of typeⅠChiari malformation complicated with syringomyelia.Methods The clinical data of 47 patients with Chiari typeⅠmalformation complicated with syringomyelia treated by modified posterior fossa decompression combined with dural expansion repair in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.The changes of posterior cranial fossa volume,cerebellar tonsil and syringomyelia were evaluated by MRI after operation.The scores of Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)were used to evaluate the improvement of neurological function,and the complications were recorded.Results All the 47 patients successfully completed modified posterior fossa decompression combined with dural expansion repair.The main postoperative complications were unilateral limb numbness,incision pain,fever,subcutaneous effusion and so on,all of which were cured after symptomatic treatment.During the follow-up period,the clinical symptoms and neurological function of the patients were improved in varying degrees,and there was no deterioration of neurological function or death cases.The JOA score of the patients 3 months after operation was(15.83±1.31),which was higher than that of(14.66±2.06)before operation,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).MRI showed the extent of syringomyelia was reduced or disap⁃peared 6 after surgery in all 47 patients.Conclusion Modified posterior fossa decompression combined with dural expansion repair for the treatment of typeⅠChiari malformation complicated with syringomyelia can not only ensure the decompression effect,but also increase the support of the contents of the posterior fossa,effectively prevent postoperative local adhesions,and restore the normal physiological circulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the cisterna magnum,which is an effective treatment method for typeⅠChiari malformation complicated with syringomyelia.