身份认同对民族旅游演艺地方性感知和地方认同的影响:居民与游客的主客身份调节实证

Identity,Place Identity and Placeness Perception of Ethnic Tourism Performing Arts:An Empirical Study on the Moderating Effect of Host-Guest Roles of Residents and Tourists

民族旅游演艺的地方性感知和地方认同构建具有主体性,身份认同是表征主体性的基本维度,不同个体的身份认同是否会影响其对民族旅游演艺的地方性感知及对民族旅游地的地方认同、其影响效果在不同身份群体中是否存在差异,目前尚无定论。研究以恩施女儿城为案例地,基于对居民与游客的369份问卷调查数据,运用多元回归方法,探索身份认同与旅游演艺地方性感知和地方认同的关系及其在主客身份上的差异。研究发现:身份认同对民族旅游演艺地方性感知及地方认同均有显著正向影响;民族旅游演艺地方性感知在身份认同与地方认同的关系中发挥部分中介作用;主客身份对三者关系具有显著调节效应,即相比外地游客,本地居民的身份认同对旅游演艺地方性感知及地方认同的影响更显著,民族旅游演艺地方性感知对地方认同的促进作用也更明显。

Ethnic tourism performing arts can reproduce the placeness of ethnic minority areas,but its effect on placeness depends on subjective perception and interpretation.Identity is the basic dimension that characterizes subjectivity.Although the issue of identity in the context of tourism has received increased attention from scholars,various forms of identity in existing studies are perceived as process or outcome factors in tourism activities.The influence of identity on the behavior and experience of tourism-related subjects and the interaction between various forms of identity in specific tourism contexts need to be further clarified.It is still unclear whether different individual identities will affect the placeness perception of ethnic tourism performing arts and place identity to ethnic tourism destinations,and whether there exist differences in influence between host and guest groups.This paper chooses Enshi Daughter City as a case study.Based on questionnaire survey data of 369 residents and tourists,multiple regression methods are used to explore the relationship between identity,placeness perception,place identity,and differences in host and guest identities.The results show that:(1)Identity has a significant positive influence on the placeness perception of ethnic tourism performing arts and place identity;(2)The placeness perception of ethnic tourism performing arts positively affects place identity and plays a partly mediating role in the relationship between identity and place identity;(3)The host-guest group role has a significant moderating effect on the relation model.Compared with non-local tourists,the identity of residents has a significant and positive impact on the placeness perception and place identity.Theoretically,this study presents a fusion of the theory of sense of place and identity theory,which deepens the theoretical understanding of identity in tourism.At the same time,the findings echo the comparative perspective of host-guest perception in tourism,which helps understand the deep influence mechanism behind role differences between residents and tourists in tourism activities.Additionally,this study can provide useful suggestions for the development and management of ethnic tourism performing arts products and the sustainable development of ethnic tourism destinations.Ethnic minority areas need to pay attention to the perceived effects and outcomes of placeness reappearance when developing ethnic tourism performing arts.Considering the group role of residents and tourists,planners and businesses of tourism performing arts should respond specifically to their appeals based on the differences between host and guest groups.