吴川市民工传染病防护知识、健康行为、应对策略调查

Survey on Knowledge of Prevention and protection,Health Behaviors and Countermeasures to Prevent Infectious Disease among Migrant Workers in Wuchuan City

目的 了解吴川市民工对传染病防护知识、健康行为、应对策略情况,为今后制订更具针对性的传染病防治教育方案提供理论依据。方法 采取整群随机抽样方法,于2023年4—10月抽取吴川市3所建筑工地120名民工进行传染病防护知识、健康行为、应对策略3方面的问卷调查。问卷共3部分,每部分10道题、总分10分,以≥6分判定为合格。结果 调查对象传染病防护知识平均得分为(5.76±2.67)分,健康行为平均得分为(6.06±2.51)分,应对策略平均得分为(4.73±2.72)分;不同性别、教育程度、年龄、婚姻状况、月收入等个体因素对其采取的应对策略有影响,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论吴川市民工对传染病防护知识知晓率低,对传染病的健康行为尚可,但应对策略有限,应引起社会、媒体及卫生教育工作者的重视。应针对性开展多种健康教育活动,加强对民工的传染病防护知识宣传教育,尤其要关注女性、低学历、年长、单身及低收入等弱势个体,以提高全民防病意识和应对能力。

Objective To learn the knowledge of Prevention and protection,health behaviors,and countermeasures to prevent infectious disease among migrant workers in Wuchuan City to provide theoretical basis for more education programs of targeted development to prevent infectious disease in the future.Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to select 120 migrant workers from three construction sites in Wuchuan City from April to October 2023 for a questionnaire survey on prevention knowledge of infectious disease,health behavior and countermeasures.The questionnaire has three parts,10 questions per part with total score of 10 score.The score≥6 is qualified.Results The average score of prevention knowledge of infectious disease among the surveyed subjects was(5.76±2.67),the average score of health behavior was(6.06±2.51),and the average score of countermeasures was(4.73±2.72).Individual factors including gender,education level,age,marital status,and monthly income have an impact on adopted countermeasures,and the differences are statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The awareness rate of prevention k-nowledge of infectious disease among migrant workers in Wuchuan City is poor,and their health behaviors towards infectious diseases are acceptable.However,their countermeasures are limited,and they should be given attention by society,media,and health education workers.Various targeted health education activities should be carried out to strengthen the promotion and education of prevention knowledge of infectious disease for migrant workers,especially focusing on vulnerable individuals such as women,poor educated individuals,elderly individuals,single individuals,and low-income individuals,in order to improve the public's awareness and ability to prevent diseases.