柱塞倾斜分布式球面配流重载柱塞泵泄漏特性

Leakage Characteristics of Heavy Duty Piston Pump with Spherical Port Plate and Tilted Plunger

倾斜柱塞结构和球面配流副因结构紧凑、抗倾覆力矩强等优点广泛应用于重载柱塞泵,随着工程技术的发展及高端制造业需求,柱塞泵的使用压力逐渐提高,油液泄漏加剧,设计间隙和容积效率成为评价柱塞泵性能好坏的重要指标。以倾斜柱塞和球面配流结构的重载柱塞泵为研究对象,分析柱塞的运动学特性,研究倾斜柱塞副泄漏、球面配流副泄漏和滑靴副泄漏的理论方程。结果表明,倾斜柱塞副的泄漏随配合间隙及柱塞腔压差增大而增大,球面配流副泄漏间隙主要与动力黏度、泵工作压力及缸体角速度相关,滑靴副的泄漏主要和柱塞阻尼孔长度和阻尼孔直径相关。最终,通过泄漏试验验证了理论结果的准确性,理论值与实验值误差不超过8%,为重载柱塞泵的结构设计与性能优化提供理论基础。

The inclined plunger structure and spherical port plate pair are widely used in heavy duty piston pumps because of their compact structure and strong anti-overturning moment.With the development of engineering technology and the demand of high-end manufacturing industry,the use pressure of piston pumps has gradually increased,and the oil leakage has intensified.Design clearance and volumetric efficiency have become important indicators to evaluate the performance of piston pumps.The heavy duty piston pump with inclined piston and spherical port plate structure is studied,the kinematics characteristics of the piston are analyzed,and the theoretical equations of the inclined piston pair leakage,spherical port plate pair leakage and slipper pair leakage are studied.The results show that the leakage of the inclined piston pair increases with the increase of the fit clearance and the pressure difference of the piston cavity.The design of the leakage clearance of the spherical port plate pair is related to the dynamic viscosity,the pump working pressure and the angular velocity of the cylinder block.The leakage of the slipper pair is mainly related to the length and diameter of the piston damping hole.Finally,the accuracy of the theoretical results is verified by leakage test,which provides a theoretical basis for the structural design and performance optimization of heavy duty piston pump.