露天矿山边坡稳定治理与生态修复技术分析

Analysis of slope stability control and ecological restoration technology in open pit mine

本文针对露天金属矿山开采过程中边坡稳定性和生态修复问题进行研究。通过文献综述和实地考察,分析了露天矿山边坡的基本特征,总结了影响边坡稳定性的主要因素,包括矿山地质结构、岩层矿物质结构、外界环境因素和开采作业因素等。在此基础上,系统阐述了露天矿山边坡稳定化治理的技术手段,如混凝土灌浆喷射、抗滑桩、挡土墙、防水治水、削坡减载和预应力锚固等。同时,针对边坡生态修复问题,总结了覆土绿化、植生袋绿化、钻孔绿化、挂网绿化和客土喷播等技术措施。研究结果表明,露天矿山边坡稳定治理需因地制宜、综合施策,并与生态修复相结合,才能达到边坡稳定和生态恢复的目标。本研究可为露天金属矿山边坡治理和生态修复提供理论指导和技术参考。

This paper studies the slope stability and ecological restoration in the mining process of open-pit metal mines.Through literature review and on-the-spot investigation,this paper analyzes the basic characteristics of open-pit mine slope,and summarizes the main factors affecting slope stability,including mine geological structure,rock mineral structure,external environmental factors and mining operation factors.On this basis,the technical means of slope stabilization treatment in open pit mines are systematically expounded,such as concrete grouting and spraying,anti-slide piles,retaining walls,waterproof and water control,slope cutting and load reduction,and prestressed anchorage.At the same time,aiming at the problem of slope ecological restoration,the technical measures such as covering soil for greening,planting bags for greening,drilling holes for greening,hanging nets for greening and spraying foreign soil are summarized.The research results show that the slope stability control of open pit mine needs to be adjusted to local conditions,comprehensive measures and combined with ecological restoration,so as to achieve the goal of slope stability and ecological restoration.This study can provide theoretical guidance and technical reference for slope treatment and ecological restoration of open-pit metal mines.