中欧班列(长江号)高质量运行发展研究

Research on High-quality Operation and Development of China-Europe Railway Express(Yangtze River Train)

为推动中欧班列(长江号)高质量发展,首先从中欧班列(长江号)建设背景、开行情况和运营模式三个方面梳理阐述其运行现状,同时通过以中欧班列(长江号)与重庆、成都、西安、郑州和长沙的中欧班列发展进行对比分析研究,发现较之周边城市,其开行数量少、货源组织能力差和对当地外贸的支撑作用发挥不够等问题。分析其运行制约因素有补贴扶持竞争力处劣势、集疏运体系建设不完善、运营组织服务水平不高等。最后提出强化政府引导作用、提高物流服务水平、提高运营组织能力等建议。高质量发展中欧班列(长江号)可助力湖北武汉建设第二批国家中欧班列集结中心示范工程,促进湖北加快融入以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局。

The joint construction of the Belt and Road Initiative is an effort to further the Reform and Opening-up policy of China and achieve long-term development,which will push the Opening-up frontier of China from the coastal areas and Yangtze River areas to inland and border areas.It will cause the formation of a new opening-up pattern with linkage between the inland and the coastal areas and mutual assistance between the eastern and the western regions,expanding the space of economic development in China and bringing in new momentum.After more than 10 years of development,the Belt and Road Initiative has taken root and flourished to become the world's most extensive and largest international cooperation platform.In this process,infrastructure connectivity is a priority area for the joint construction of the Belt and Road Initiative.The China-Europe Railway Express is an important part of the infrastructure connectivity of the Eurasian continent.Its logistics and distribution network covers the Eurasian continent and has become a flagship project and iconic brand for the joint construction of the Belt and Road Initiative.Among them,the China-Europe Railway Express(Yangtze River Train)is the"steel fleet"that continues to contribute to the development of the export-oriented economy in Hubei,helping the automobile and electromechanical industries,etc.,of the province to go steadily overseas.In this paper,in order to promote the high-quality development of the China-Europe Railway Express(Yangtze River Train),we first introduced the current status of the China-Europe Railway Express(Yangtze River Train)from three aspects:construction background,operation status,and business mode.At the same time,we compared the China-Europe Railway Express(Yangtze River Train)with the China-Europe Railway Express operations in Chongqing,Chengdu,Xi'an,Zhengzhou and Changsha,finding that the China-Europe Railway Express(Yangtze River Train)falls behind its counterparts in all these cities,as manifested in smaller number of runs,poorer cargo organization ability and weaker support for local foreign trade companies,etc.Next,we analyzed the factors restricting the operation of the China-Europe Railway Express(Yangtze River Train),summarizing them into the following categories:customized measures not properly implemented,lack of subsidization for companies struggling at market competition,poor cargo collection and distribution system,inefficiency in train marshalling,low operation/organization/service level,lack of business model innovation awareness,passively waiting for customers,and incomplete utilization of the industrial space of the railway express system,etc.Finally,we put forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the high-quality operation of the China-Europe Railway Express(Yangtze River Train),namely:strengthening the guiding role of the government,enhancing operational sustainability,improving the level of logistics services,planning collateral and supporting industries,improving the ability of operation and organization,and boosting the agents of train operation.The high-quality development of the China Europe Railway Express(Yangtze River Train)can help Wuhan,Hubei build the second batch of national China-Europe Railway Express assembly center demonstration projects,promote Wuhan,Hubei to become a China-Europe Railway Express hub city,and ease the integration of Hubei into the new development pattern with emphasis on domestic circulation and advanced by the reciprocation between domestic and international circulations.