不同类型烟草种质资源重要农艺及品质性状遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Important Agronomic and Quality Traits of Different Types of Tobacco Germplasm Resources

为揭示烟草群体种质遗传差异,筛选出农艺性状优良、致香物质含量较高的种质材料,选用142份烟草种质资源,对其重要农艺性状及香气品质性状进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明:142份供试种质的农艺、香气品质性状具有较为丰富的遗传多样性,其中香气品质性状变异系数(23.55%~30.91%)高于农艺性状(18.51%~24.34%),且多个性状之间存在显著或极显著的正相关性;在欧式距离20时,142份种质划分为5个类群,各类群优异性状不同,其中类群Ⅰ绿原酸和芦丁含量最高,类群Ⅲ株高和有效叶数最高,类群Ⅳ腰叶最长、最宽,茎围最大,隐绿原酸含量最高,类群Ⅴ中β-胡萝卜素含量最高;结合主成分和隶属函数分析,共筛选出6个综合性状优良的种质(パィンハルト、世纪一号、Beinhart 1000-1、FC8、土耳其M型、来凤大纽子),这些种质能较好地兼顾农艺性状和香气品质性状,可供后续烟草育种利用。

To reveal the genetic differentiation of tobacco germplasm among the tested populations,and to screen germplasms with excellent agronomic traits and desirable aroma,142 tobacco germplasms were selected,and genotyped and analyzed in this study.Results showed that the agronomic and aroma quality traits had a relatively rich diversity,the coefficient of variation for aroma quality traits(23.55%-30.91%)were higher than that for agronomic traits(18.51%-24.34%),and there were significant positive correlations among multiple traits.At a Euclidean distance of 20,142 germplasms were divided into 5 groups with different characteristics,among which group I had the highest content of chlorogenic acid and rutin,groupⅢhad the highest plant height and leaf number,group IV had the highest values of middle leaf length,middle leaf width,stem girth and crypto chlorogenic acid content,and group V had the highest content ofβ-carotene.Six germplasm with excellent comprehensive traits(パィンハルト,Century 1,Beinhart 1000-1,FC8,Turkey M type and Laifengdaniuzi)were selected by combining principal component analysis and membership function analysis.These germplasms exhibited improved balance between agronomic and aroma quality traits,making them valuable for future tobacco breeding programs.