摘要
心力衰竭(心衰)是全球发病率不断增加的心血管疾病,肺充血是引起心衰患者住院的主要原因。因此,充分评估肺充血程度对心衰患者诊断、治疗及预后至关重要。然而通过简单的临床体格检查及传统检查方法对其进行精确评估较为困难,并且都具有不同程度的局限性或操作难度。肺部超声检查通过测量血管外肺水信号(称为B线)能够更精确地量化肺充血,是一种简单、安全和经济的检查手段,因此被引入作为评估肺充血的补充手段。现本文将从肺部超声检查评估肺充血的基本原理、检查方法、评估方案和对心衰患者的诊断、治疗及预后评估的临床价值等方面进行阐述。
Heart failure(HF)is a cardiovascular disease with an increasing incidence worldwide.Pulmonary congestion(PC)is the main cause of hospitalization in patients with HF.Therefore,fully assessing the degree of PC is crucial for the diagnosis,guiding treatment and prognosis of patients with HF.However,it is very difficult to evaluate PC through simple clinical evaluation and traditional methods accurately.All of them have different degrees of limitations or operational difficulty.Lung ultrasound(LUS)is one semiquantitative method for the evaluation of PC by assessing B-line on bedside ultrasound,which is a simple,safe and economical method.This paper will review the basic principles,examination method,evaluation scheme and the clinical value of diagnosis,guiding treatment and prognosis of LUS in patients with HF.
作者
宫月
赵谊昶
陈菲菲
Gong yue;Zhao Yichang;Chen Feifei(Department of Cardiology,the First Affiliated Hospital,Dalian Medical University,Dalian 116021,China)
基金
国家自然科学基金(81700301)
辽宁省教育厅科技项目(LZ2020058)
大连市医学重点专科“登峰计划”科研项目(2022DF016)。
关键词
肺部超声
B线
心力衰竭
肺充血
Lung ultrasound
B lines
Heart failure
Pulmonary congestion
