替牙期骨性Ⅲ类患者下前牙牙槽骨形态测量分析

Morphological analysis of alveolar bone of anterior mandibular anterior teeth area in patients with skeletal classⅢduring mixed dentition

目的评估替牙期骨性Ⅲ类患者下前牙区牙槽骨形态,并与骨性I类患者进行差异比较。方法选取替牙期骨性Ⅲ类患者48例及骨性I类患者40例,基于治疗前的锥束投影计算机重建层析成像(CBCT),测量下颌中切牙和侧切牙唇舌侧的牙槽骨厚度和高度,对比骨性Ⅲ类及I类患者下前牙区牙槽骨形态差异。结果骨性Ⅲ类组下前牙牙根唇侧和舌侧牙槽骨厚度均显著低于骨性I类组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。骨性Ⅲ类组下前牙舌侧牙槽骨高度与骨性I类无显著差别(P>0.05)。结论替牙期骨性Ⅲ类患者下切牙唇侧及舌侧牙槽骨厚度明显较骨性I类患者薄,在对其进行前牙的唇舌向移动时尤其要注意转矩的控制,评估牙齿安全移动范围,以降低治疗风险,减少并发症。

Objective To evaluate the alveolar bone morphology in the mandibular anterior region of patients in skeletal classⅢpatients with mixed dentition and compare the differences with those in skeletal class I patients.Methods 48 patients with skeletal classⅢand 40 patients with skeletal class I were selected in mixed dentition.Based on cone beam CT(CBCT)before treatment,the alveolar bone thickness and height of mandibular central incisor and lateral incisor were measured,and the morphological differences of alveolar bone in lower anterior region were compared between patients with skeletal classⅢand class I.Results The labialand lingual thickness of the alvelar bone the lower anterior root of the skeletal classⅢwas significantly lower than that of the skeletal class I,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in alveolar bone height between the lower anterior teeth of classⅢand class I(P>0.05).Conclusions The labial and lingual alveolar bone thickness of the lower incisor teeth in classⅢpatients with mixed dentition is significantly thinner than that in class I patients.Torque control should be paid special attention during labial and lingual movement of the anterior teeth to evaluate the safe range of tooth movement,so as to reduce the risk of treatment and prevent related complications.