2017—2023年峨眉山市8~10岁儿童碘缺乏病监测结果分析

Analysis of the monitoring results of iodine deficiency disorders in children aged 8 to 10 years in Emeishan City from 2017 to 2023

目的 了解峨眉山市人群碘营养水平,评估碘缺乏病消除保持情况,为碘缺乏病防治工作提供一定参考。方法 在峨眉山市划分东、西、南、北、中5个抽样片区,2017—2023年分别在5个片区各随机抽取1个乡镇,每个乡镇各抽取1所小学,每所小学抽取8~10岁非寄宿儿童40名(性别均衡)为监测对象,采集其家庭食用盐和即时尿液样本,检测盐碘和尿碘含量,2019、2022年采用B超法测算儿童甲状腺容积。结果 共对1 400名儿童开展监测,盐碘中位数26.88(24.33,29.47)mg/kg,处于四川省食用盐碘含量平均水平;尿碘中位数209.05(146.33,282.48)μg/L,处于超过适宜量水平;400名儿童11例甲状腺肿大,甲肿率2.75%。结论 峨眉山市碘缺乏病处于消除水平。2017—2023年峨眉山市儿童尿碘适宜率偏低,应该继续加强监测,动态开展健康教育,多措并举,着力提高人群碘营养水平,巩固碘缺乏病消除成果。

Objective To understand the iodine nutrition level of the population in Emeishan,evaluate the elimination and maintenance of iodine deficiency disorders,so as to provide some reference for the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods Five sampling areas were divided into east,west,south,north and middle in Emeishan.From 2017 to 2023,one township was randomly selected in each of the five areas,and one primary school was selected in each township.Forty nonboarding children aged 8 to 10 years old(gender balance)were selected as monitoring objects in each primary school.Their household edible salt and instant urine samples were collected to detect the salt iodine and urine iodine content.The B-ultrasound was used to measure children's thyroid volume in 2019 and 2022.Results A total of 1400 children were monitored.The median salt iodine was 26.88(24.33,29.47)mg/kg,which was at the average level of edible salt iodine content in Sichuan.The median of urinary iodine was 209.05(146.33,282.48)μg/L,which was above the appropriate level.There were 11 cases of goiter among 400 children,with a goiter rate of 2.75%.Conclusion Iodine deficiency disorders in Emeishan is at the level of elimination.From 2017 to 2023,the urinary iodine suitability rate of children in Emeishan was low.We should continue to strengthen monitoring,dynamically carry out health education,and take multiple measures to improve the iodine nutrition level of the population and consolidate the elimination results of iodine deficiency disorders.