低品位铁矿资源开发利用保护综合评价:以内蒙古乌拉特前旗低品位铁矿为例

Comprehensive evaluation of the development,utilization and protection of low-grade iron ore resources:Taking low-grade iron ore in Wulate Qianqi,Inner Mongolia as anexample

铁矿是钢铁工业的基本原料,是中国的战略性矿产之一。我国铁矿资源具有低品位、小规模、需选矿、高成本的特点,国内供应保障能力不足,对外依存度不断攀升,对我国低品位铁矿资源开发利用保护情况进行综合评价十分必要。本文通过分析内蒙古乌拉特前旗低品位铁矿资源开发利用现状,评价各矿山开发利用矿产资源的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益;在评价三大效益的基础上,认为开采低于最低工业品位指标的铁矿资源具有盈利性,矿山盈亏平衡品位4.37%~7.47%,满足投资收益平均品位5.55%~9.83%。开采低于最低工业品位指标的铁矿资源治理修复费用小于治理基金额度。在此基础上,提出内蒙古乌拉特前旗低品位铁矿绿色低碳转型有效路径为“产业链低碳延伸集约发展”,为面临“经济—资源—环境”约束的地区政府决策提供理论参考。

Iron ore is the basic raw material for the iron and steel industry,and is one of Chinas strategic minerals.Chinas iron ore resources are characterized by low grade,small scale,need for beneficiation and high cost,with insufficient domestic supply security capacity and rising external dependence.It is essential to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of the development,utilization and protection of Chinas low-grade iron ore resources.This paper analyzes the current situation of the development and utilization of low-grade iron ore resources in Wulate Qianqi,Inner Mongolia,and evaluates the economic,environmental and social benefits of mining and utilizing mineral resources.Based on the evaluation of the three major benefits,it points out that the mining of iron ore resources below the minimum industrial grade index is profitable,and the break-even grade of the mine is about 4.37%~7.47%,meeting the average grade of investment return of 5.55%~9.83%.The cost of managing and restoring iron ore resources that are below the minimum industrial grade index is less than the amount of the management fund,and the fund management measures are compliant and reasonable.On this basis,the effective path for the green and low-carbon transformation of low-grade iron ore in Wulate Qianqi,Inner Mongolia is proposed as“intensive development of the industrial chain with low-carbon extension”,providing theoretical references for regional government decision-making facing constraints of“economy-resources-environment”.