不同品种(系)马铃薯源葡萄糖培养基对腐生真菌的培养效果

Effect of potato dextrose agar medium(PDA)from different varieties(lines)on saprophytic fungi growth

【目的】以尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、燕麦镰刀菌(Fusarium avenaceum)、茄病镰刀菌(Fusarium solani)、三线镰刀菌(Fusarium tricinctum)为供试材料,筛选适合作为腐生真菌马铃薯葡萄糖培养基(potato dextrose agar,PDA)原料的马铃薯品种。【方法】选用15个不同品种(系)的马铃薯,以商品PDA培养基为对照,初筛对比不同品种(系)马铃薯制备的PDA培养基上尖孢镰刀菌菌丝生长速度和产孢量;验证初筛得到的马铃薯品种(系)是否适宜其他镰刀菌株的生长。【结果】初筛得到马铃薯品种(系)17W-12和大西洋制备的PDA培养基对尖孢镰刀菌菌丝生长速度和产孢量的支持效果最好,菌丝密度、均匀度、边缘整齐度都优于其他品种(系)和商品PDA培养基;陇薯7号和青薯9号制备的PDA培养基表现较差。4种镰刀菌在大西洋品种制备的PDA培养基上生长速度和产孢量均显著高于其他处理组。与青薯9号制备的PDA培养基相比,在大西洋制备的PDA培养基上培养7 d,4种镰刀菌(尖孢镰刀菌、燕麦镰刀菌、茄病镰刀菌、三线镰刀菌)的菌丝平均生长速度分别增加了243.73%、243.75%、171.92%、126.28%,产孢量分别增加了18.59倍、4.49倍、1.27倍、2.19倍;与商品PDA培养基相比,在大西洋制备的PDA培养基上培养7 d,4种镰刀菌(尖孢镰刀菌、燕麦镰刀菌、茄病镰刀菌、三线镰刀菌)的菌丝平均生长速度分别增加了74.53%、78.33%、178.60%、145.09%,产孢量分别增加了6.57倍、2.14倍、24.64倍、1.57倍。【结论】大西洋是全世界广泛栽培的加工型马铃薯经典品种,可作为PDA培养基的优选原料使用。

【Objective】 Fusarium oxysporum,Fusarium avenaceum,Fusarium solani and Fusarium tricinctum were used as test materials for the screening of potato species suitable for use as saprophytic fungal potato glucose medium(potato dex-trose agar,PDA).【Method】 Fifteen different potato varieties(lines)were selected and commercial PDA medium was used as the control group to compare the growth rate and spore production of F.oxysporum mycelia on PDA medium made from different potato varieties;on this basis,the suitability of the potato varieties(lines) for the growth of other Fusarium strains was further verified.【Result】 The potato varieties(lines) 17W-12 and Atlantic PDA media were the most effective in supporting the growth rate and sporulation of F.oxysporum mycelium,and the mycelial density,uniformity and edge neatness were better than those of other varieties(lines).PDA medium of Longshu 7 and Qingshu 9showed the worst performance.The growth rate and spore production of the four Fusarium species were significantly higher in the PDA medium of Atlantic than in the other treatment groups:compared with the PDA medium of Qingshu 9,cultured on Atlantic PDA medium for 7 days,the average mycelial growth rate of 4 Fusarium(F.oxysporum,F.avenaceum,F.solani and F.tricinctum) increased by 243.73%,243.75%,171.92%,and 126.28%,respectively.Sporulation yield increased 18.59 times,4.49 times,1.27 times and 2.19 times,respectively.Compared with commercial PDA medium,cultured on Atlantic PDA medium for 7 days,the average mycelial growth rate of 4 Fusarium(F.oxysporum,F.avenaceum,F.solani and F.tricinctum) increased by 74.53%,78.33%,178.60%,and 145.09%,respectively.The sporulation yield increased 6.57 times,2.14 times,24.64 times and 1.57 times,respectively.【Conclusion】 Atlantic is a classic variety of processed potato widely cultivated around the world and can be used as a preferable raw material for PDA medium.