数字素养促进了青年高质量充分就业吗?

Does Digital Literacy Promote High-quality and Full Employment for Young People?

受经济社会预期不稳定等因素的影响,我国青年群体就业面临困境,引发了社会各界的广泛关注。文章以中国家庭追踪调查数据库(CFPS)2014—2020年间的数据为研究样本,探究了数字素养对青年高质量充分就业的作用机理。研究发现:第一,数字素养的提升会显著促进青年高质量充分就业,增加就业意愿和就业概率,降低工作知识门槛,拓展就业范围,提高工作方式灵活性,提升工作薪酬,进而增强工作满意度;第二,社会网络、代际依赖、认知能力和创业偏好在数字素养影响青年就业的过程中都发挥了显著的调节作用,社会网络越发达、认知能力越强、创业偏好越大,数字素养的提升对青年就业的影响也越积极,此外,数字素养还可通过缓解父代与子代之间的代际依赖促进青年就业;第三,数字素养对青年就业的影响存在异质性特征,数字素养对青年就业的影响随年龄降低、学历上升而增大,且这一影响在女性青年和城镇青年中更为明显。研究结论对于防范化解青年的规模性失业风险,提升青年就业配置效率,促进青年实现更充分、更高质量的就业具有重要的政策启示。

Affected by various macro and micro unfavorable factors,the issue of youth unemployment in China has become prominent,attracting widespread attention from all sectors of society.Promoting high-quality and full employment for young people has become a government priority policy for people's livelihoods.This paper uses data from the Chinese Family Panel Studies(CFPS)from 2014 to 2020 as a sample to explore the effect and its mechanism of digital literacy on the high-quality and full employment of young people.The results show that:First,the improvement of digital literacy among young people will significantly promote their high-quality and full employment,increase their willingness and probability of employment,lower the threshold of work knowledge,expand the scope of employment,improve the flexibility of work methods,increase work salaries,and ultimately enhance job satisfaction.Second,social networks,intergenerational dependence,cognitive abilities,and entrepreneurial preferences all play a significant moderating role in the impact of digital literacy on youth employment.The more developed the social network,the stronger the cognitive ability,and the greater the entrepreneurial preference,the more positive the impact of digital literacy improvement on youth employment.In addition,digital literacy can also alleviate intergenerational dependence between parents and children,promoting youth employment.Third,there is heterogeneity in the impact of digital literacy on youth employment.The impact of digital literacy on youth employment increases with age and education,and this effect is more pronounced among female youth,urban youth,and youth in the eastern region.The conclusions have important implications for preventing and resolving the risk of large-scale youth unemployment,improving the efficiency of youth employment allocation,and promoting youth to achieve higher-quality and full employment.It also has reference value for promoting the high-quality development of China's digital economy and the construction of a great nation with digital talents.