沃尔巴克氏体不育蚊在登革热高风险社区的现场应用

Field application of Wolbachia-infected incompatible mosquitoes in communities at high risk for dengue fever

目的测试释放携带人工转染wPip及自然感染wAlbA和wAlbB沃尔巴克氏体菌株的白纹伊蚊PAB蚊系雄蚊对登革热潜在高风险(高蚊媒密度、高人口密度、高植被覆盖率)社区蚊媒种群的控制效果,为沃尔巴克氏体蚊在我国登革热Ⅰ类风险防控区域的现场应用提供科学依据。方法2023年7月15日-11月8日,每周2次向广东省佛山市禅城区金沙新城控制区域内释放足量人工大规模饲养的PAB白纹伊蚊雄蚊,同步使用成蚊诱捕器(BG-Trap)和诱蚊诱卵器监测释放区域内白纹伊蚊密度动态,并与对照区域内同步监测数据对比分析,评价PAB雄蚊在释放区域内对白纹伊蚊的种群压制效果;采用双侧Mann-Whitney U检验分析释放区和对照区的成蚊诱捕密度、幼虫平均孵化数差异。结果随着连续17周内的16次PAB雄蚊的释放,释放区内蚊媒种群密度大幅下降:成蚊诱捕密度最多下降93.67%,平均下降71.62%;幼蚊密度最多下降89.45%,平均下降77.15%。结论感染沃尔巴克氏体的PAB白纹伊蚊雄蚊在登革热潜在高风险社区可有效持续控制白纹伊蚊种群密度,大大降低登革热本地流行风险。

Objective To test the mosquito control efficacy of releasing PAB males of Aedes albopictus artificially infected with wPip and naturally infected with wAlbA and wAlbB strains of Wolbachia into communities at high risk for dengue(high mosquito density,high human population density,and high vegetation coverage),so as to provide a scientific basis for field application of Wolbachia-infected incompatible mosquitoes in class-Ⅰhigh risk areas for dengue fever in China.Methods A sufficient quantity of artificially reared male PAB Ae.albopictus were released twice a week into the Jinsha Xincheng community of Chancheng District,Foshan,Guangdong Province,China.At the same time,the density of Ae.albopictus at the release site was monitored using both BG-Traps and mosq-ovitraps,and was compared with the monitoring data of the control site during the same period to assess the population suppression efficacy of the release of PAB males.The two-sided Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the density of trapped adults and average egg hatches between the release and control sites.Results Through 16 releases of male PAB mosquitoes spanning 17 weeks,the mosquito density at the release site was decreased substantially.The adult mosquito density was decreased by up to 93.67%,with an average reduction of 71.62%.The larva density was decreased by up to 89.45%,with an average reduction of 77.15%.Conclusion Wolbachia-based PAB male of Ae.albopictus population suppression can effectively and sustainably control the density of Ae.albopictus in communities at high risk for dengue,greatly reducing the risk of local spread of dengue fever.