靶向心理干预对女性精神分裂症患者心理状态及服药依从性的影响

The effects of targeted psychological intervention on the psychological status and medication compliance of female patients with schizophrenia

目的 探讨以问题为导向实施靶向心理干预对女性精神分裂症患者心理状态及服药依从性的影响。方法 选取2021年1月至2023年6月来我院就诊330例的女性精神分裂症患者,按照单双号法随机分为干预组和对照组各165例。干预组实施以问题为导向实施靶向心理干预,通过分析患者个体的心理特征和问题根源,制定针对性的干预计划,对患者心理状态和行为进行干预,帮助其解决心理问题或提升心理健康水平;对照组予以常规心理干预,通过心理咨询、药物治疗等,帮助其更好地认识和应对自己的情绪,调节内心的焦虑和压力。在干预前、干预1个月后,比较两组患者的精神症状改善情况[简明精神病量表(BPRS)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)]、自我管理能力[自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)]、社会功能[精神障碍患者社会功能缺损评定量表(SSFD-MD)]、心理状态[中文版卡尔加里精神分裂症抑郁量表(CDSS-C)、自我感受负担量表(SPBS)]、服药依从性[药物依从性量表(MARS)、药物信念问卷(BMQ)]。结果 干预1个月后,两组患者BPRS、SCL-90、SSFD-MD、CDSS-C和SPBS评分均较干预前降低,且干预组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组ESCA、MARS和BMQ评分较干预前提高,且干预组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 以问题为导向的靶向心理干预方法在女性精神分裂症患者的护理中具有显著的优势,通过改善患者的精神状态、自我管理能力和社会功能,提高患者心理状态和服药依从性,为患者重建健康的生活奠定坚实的基础。

Objective To explore the effect of problem-oriented targeted psychological intervention on psychological status and medication compliance in female patients with schizophrenia.Methods Three hundred and thirty female patients with schizophrenia treated in our hospital from January 2021 to June 2023 were selected.The patients were divided into an intervention group and a control group according to odd-even number method,165 in each group.The intervention group received problem-oriented targeted psychological intervention.The intervention was performed by analyzing the psychological characteristics and root causes of individual patients,and then targeted intervention regimen was formulated.The psychological status and behavior of the patients was intervened to help them solve psychological problems or improve the mental health.The control group was given routine psychological intervention through psychological counseling,drug treatment,etc.to help them better understand and deal with their emotions and regulate their inner anxiety and pressure.Before and after 1 month of intervention,the improvement of psychiatric symptom was assessed by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale(BPRS)and Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90).The self-management ability was assessed by Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale(ESCA).The social function was assessed by Scale of Social Function Deficit-Mental Disorders(SSFD-MD).The psychological status was assessed by Chinese version of Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia(CDSS-C)and Self-Perceived Burden Scale(SPBS).The medication compliance was assessed by Medication Adherence Rating Scale(MARS)and Beliefs about Medication Questionnaire(BMQ).All scores were compared between the two groups.Results After 1 month of intervention,the scores of BPRS,SCL-90,SSFD-MD,CDSS-C and SPBS in both groups were significantly reduced compared with those before intervention,and the scores in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05).The scores of ESCA,MARS and BMQ were significantly enhanced in the two groups than those before intervention,and the scores in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusions Problem-oriented targeted psychological intervention methods have significant advantages in the care of female patients with schizophrenia.By improving the patient's mental status,self-management ability and social function,the patient's mental status and medication compliance are improved.A solid foundation for rebuilding a healthy life is built.