轨道车辆用沙漏橡胶弹簧设计及其非线性等频特性分析

Design of hourglass rubber spring used in rail vehicles and analysis of its nonlinear constant frequency characteristics

为了解决转向架空间有限与横向大变形间的结构性矛盾,提出了一种表征沙漏橡胶弹簧等频承载特性的计算方法,并以一款高铁列车转向架的沙漏橡胶弹簧为研究对象,采用1P4E网格法解决沙漏橡胶弹簧大变形仿真时因网格扭曲导致的收敛性难题;通过尺度敏感性分析计算出影响沙漏橡胶弹簧非线性刚度的四大结构尺寸;通过搭建等频承载模型,获得沙漏橡胶弹簧满足等频特性的承载区域,该沙漏橡胶弹簧满足等频承载要求的承载位移区为41~57.4 mm。

In order to solve the structural contradiction between the limited space of the bogie and the large lateral deformation,a calculation method for characterizing the constant frequency loading characteristics of hourglass rubber spring is proposed.Taking the hourglass rubber spring of a high-speed rail train bogie as the research object,the 1P4E mesh method is used to solve the convergence problem caused by mesh distortion in the large deformation simulation of hourglass rubber spring.Four structural dimensions affecting the nonlinear stiffness of hourglass rubber spring are calculated by scale sensitivity analysis.By building a constant frequency loading model,the loading region of the hourglass rubber spring satisfying the constant frequency characteristics is obtained.The loading region of the hourglass rubber spring satisfying the constant frequency loading requirements is 41-57.4 mm.