山东省预防接种相关人员对成人预防接种门诊建设的认识和态度定性调查

A qualitative survey of cognition and attitudes towards adult vaccination clinic construction among vaccination staff in Shandong province

目的分析预防接种相关人员对山东省成人预防接种门诊建设的认识和态度。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样,在山东省12个县(市、区)抽取预防接种门诊监管/指导者、预防接种门诊和未设预防接种门诊医疗机构负责人进行成人预防接种门诊建设访谈调查,利用质性分析软件对调查内容进行编码分析。结果在所有192例调查对象中,认为单独设置、城区单独设置成人预防接种门诊有必要和/或可行分别占71.88%、9.90%。在147例调查对象中,建议一级医疗机构、公立医疗机构设置成人预防接种门诊分别占40.14%、76.19%。43.90%(18/41)的调查对象建议成人疫苗接种应由单独的成人预防接种门诊和儿童预防接种门诊联合进行。在所有调查对象中,认为成人预防接种门诊建设的主要困难包括资金支持不足(45.31%)、经济效益差(35.42%)、接种人员不足(33.85%)和房屋设备不足(27.60%)。结论调查对象总体上认为山东省开展成人预防接种门诊建设具有必要性和可行性,但需科学规划和布局成人预防接种门诊。

Objective To explore cognition and attitudes towards adult vaccination clinic construction among vaccination staff in Shandong province.Methods We used a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method to select vaccination clinic supervisors/advisors,heads of vaccination clinics,and heads of hospitals without vaccination services from 12 counties/districts of Shandong and conducted interviews regarding adult vaccination clinic construction.We used a qualitative analysis software to code and analyze information from the interviews.Results Among a total of 192 interviewees,71.88%believed establishing separate adult vaccination clinics to be necessary and/or feasible and 9.90%believed establishing separate adult vaccination clinics in urban areas to be necessary and/or feasible.Among 147 interviewees,40.14%and 76.19%suggested establishing adult vaccination clinics in primary and public hospitals,respectively.43.90%(18/41)of interviewees,suggested providing adult vaccination service by separate adult vaccination clinics and joint child vaccination clinics.The main difficulties for adult vaccination clinic construction included insufficient financial support(45.31%),poor economic benefit(35.42%),insufficient vaccination services staff(33.85%),and insufficient space and equipment(27.60%).Conclusions Interviewees generally believe adult vaccination clinic construction to be necessary and feasible in Shandong.We should consider scientific planning and layout of adult vaccination clinics.