制度型开放对中国农产品出口增长三元边际的影响:基于农产品标准协调的视角

The Impact of Institution-based Openness on the Ternary Margin of China's Agricultural Export Growth:Based on the Perspective of Harmonisation of Agricultural Product Standards

农产品标准协调作为制度型开放的核心要素之一,对于国际贸易的顺畅进行具有举足轻重的地位。文章从农产品标准协调的视角出发,采用2010~2021年间中国与102个经济体交易的812种HS六分位产品数据,深入剖析了制度型开放对农产品出口三元边际的具体影响。研究发现,农产品标准协调与农产品出口的扩展边际和价格边际呈正相关,与数量边际呈负相关。这表明中国农产品与进口国农产品标准协调程度越高越能够实现产品出口的多元化,使农产品出口从低质量低价格的“数量拉动”向高质量高价格的“价格拉动”转变。在异质性方面,文章发现以对接发达经济体高标准规则为核心的制度型开放能够促进中国农产品出口从“以量取胜”到“以质取胜”的转变。进一步研究发现,关税在农产品标准协调对出口三元边际的影响中发挥着差异化的调节作用。文章的研究有助于揭示制度型开放在农产品国际贸易中发挥的作用,为农业领域的制度型开放提供相应的政策启示。

As one of the core elements of systemic liberalisation,the harmonisation of agricultural standards plays an important role in the smooth conduct of international trade.From the perspective of agricultural standards coordination,this paper analyses the impact of systemic liberalisation on the ternary margins of agricultural exports,based on the data on 812 HS quartile products traded between China and 102 economies over the period2010-2021.It is found that the harmonisation of agricultural standards is positively related to the expansion and price margins of agricultural exports,and negatively related to the quantity margin.It shows that the higher the degree of coordination of agricultural standards between Chinese agricultural products and those of importing countries,the more diversification of exports can be achieved,so that agricultural exports can be transformed from low-quality,low-price"quantity-pull"to high-quality,high-price"price-pull".In terms of heterogeneity,this paper finds that the systematic opening up centred on docking the high-standard rules of developed economies can promote the transformation of China's agricultural exports from"winning by quantity"to"winning by quality".Further research finds that tariffs play a differentiated role in regulating the impact of agricultural standards harmonisation on the export triangular margin.The research in this paper helps to reveal the role of systemic liberalisation in the international trade of agricultural products,and provides policy implications for systemic liberalisation in the agricultural sector.