广东省三级甲等医院药师科研获得感现状调查及影响因素分析

Investigation on the Pharmacists′Sense of Research Gain in Grade-A Tertiary Hospitals in Guangdong and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors

目的 了解广东省三级甲等医院药师科研获得感现状,分析其主要影响因素。方法 采用横断面研究法,于2023年3月至5月通过“问卷星”微信小程序向广东省内10家三级甲等医院的药师发放调查问卷,调查并分析药师科研获得感现状,采用单因素分析及多元线性回归分析探讨其影响因素,并建立结构方程模型进行路径分析及中介效应分析。结果 共回收问卷521份,有效500份,有效回收率为95.97%。科研获得感量表、组织支持感量表、工作压力量表、工作激情量表(维度)平均得分率均约为60%,且仅组织支持感量表得分率高于60%。相关性分析结果显示,科研获得感与组织支持感、工作激情均呈显著正相关(P <0.01);工作压力与组织支持感、工作激情、科研获得感均呈显著负相关(P <0.01)。单因素分析结果显示,职称和学历对科研获得感有显著影响(P <0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,职称(β=0.11,P <0.01),学历(β=0.10,P <0.05),组织支持感(β=0.22,P <0.01),工作激情(β=0.20,P <0.01),工作压力(β=-0.18,P <0.01)均对药师的科研获得感有显著影响。路径分析结果显示,组织支持感和工作激情对科研获得感有显著正向影响(β=0.19,Z=3.30,P <0.001;β=0.21,Z=3.94,P <0.001);工作压力对科研获得感有显著负向影响(β=-0.19,Z=-3.86,P <0.001)。中介效应检验结果显示,组织支持感不单可直接影响科研获得感,也可通过影响工作激情和工作压力来间接影响科研获得感。结论 影响广东省三级甲等医院药师科研获得感的主要因素分别为组织支持感、工作激情、工作压力、职称和学历。提高组织支持感和工作激情,以及减少工作压力,可促进药师科研获得感的提升。

Objective To know the pharmacists′current sense of research gain in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong,and to analyze its main influencing factors.Methods A cross-sectional study was adopted.Questionnaires were distributed to pharmacists in 10 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong by the QuestionStar-WeChat mini program from March to May 2023 to investigate their current sense of research gain.The univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore its influencing factors,and a structural equation model was established for path analysis and mediation effect analysis.Results A total of 521 questionnaires were recovered,and 500 were effective,with an effective recovery rate of 95.97%.The average scoring rates of the sense of research gain scale,perceived organizational support scale,work pressure scale and work passion scale(dimensions)were all around 60%,and only the scoring rate of perceived organizational support scale was higher than 60%.The correlation analysis showed that the sense of research gain was significantly positively correlated with perceived organizational support and work passion(P<0.01),and work pressure was significantly negatively correlated with perceived organizational support,work passion and sense of research gain(P<0.01).The univariate analysis showed that the professional titles and educational background had a significant effect on the sense of research gain(P<0.05).The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the professional title(β=0.11,P<0.01),educational background(β=0.10,P<0.05),perceived organizational support(β=0.22,P<0.01),work passion(β=0.20,P<0.01),and work pressure(β=-0.18,P<0.01)had a significant effect on pharmacists′sense of research gain.The path analysis showed that perceived organizational support and work passion had a significant positive effect on the sense of research gain(β=0.19,Z=3.30,P<0.001;β=0.21,Z=3.94,P<0.001),and the work pressure had a significant negative effect on the sense of research gain(β=-0.19,Z=-3.86,P<0.001).The mediation effect analysis showed that the perceived organizational support could not only directly affect the sense of research gain,but also indirectly affect it by affecting the work passion and work pressure.Conclusion The main factors affecting the pharmacists′sense of research gain in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong include perceived organizational support,work passion,work pressure,professional titles and educational background.Increasing the perceived organizational support,work passion,and decreasing the work pressure can increase the pharmacists′sense of research gain.