论人类命运共同体视域下的文化与文明--兼榷亨廷顿“文明冲突”观

On Culture and Civilization in the Context of Building a Human Community with a Shared Future—With a Comment on Huntington s View in The Clash of Civilizations

作为人类共同价值准则的文明,发端自多元经验文化而又反哺之。文化乃文明的源泉,文明是文化的归宿。二者往复映射,构成互为成就的有机共生关系。不同文化之间互为交叠和印证的普遍性价值,即是人类共同文明的基因与扩展性文明秩序的基质。因此,人类赖以扩大共识的更大可能性,存在于文明层面而非文化层面。以文化与文明之“双重自觉”理念视之,人类命运共同体的构建,当以文化为用、文明为本。在无可回避的全球化时代,立足于人类共同文明视域,以普遍性价值理念观照世界文明发展进程,为人类命运共同体的建构提供新的理念养料;并以本体性思维介入文明进程,将人类共同文明之普遍法则抬升至超验信仰境界,使之成为人类社会的共同价值追寻,进而化解特殊性文化与普遍性文明之间的抵牾,无疑是人类命运共同体建构所无以回避的巨大挑战。

Compared with the regional characteristics of culture,civilization,as a mathematical axiom for each specific problem solution,is a common and universally applicable value concept and behavior rule,so it is a commensurable Tao.In the universally connected modern world,a serious problem is how to better interact and integrate the regionality or nationality of a culture with the global significance or universality of civilization.In this sense,examining culture and civilization with the consensus values of the human community with a shared future has become an inevitable logical choice in the era of globalization.From this perspective,civilization is not water without a source.Indeed,it results from the rational selection and deduction of civilization factors contained in different cultures,and then condenses into an objective criterion that transcends the subjective will of individuals and ethnic groups,manifesting the competitive and cooperative relationship of different cultural communities.In the era of globalization when we advocate the construction of a human community with a shared future,it is advisable to uphold consensus-based values.This entails viewing individuality on the premise of commonality,understanding uniqueness on the basis of universality,and considering local knowledge through the lens of global knowledge.In essence,the logical foundation for assessing various cultural communities globally should be based on transcendent common civilization.It is through universal civilization that we view the world,rather than through localized cultural perspectives.Otherwise,the construction of a human community with a shared future would lose its foundation of consensus-based values and transcendent objective criteria,rendering it an empty concept.Civilization,as the common value criterion and way of thinking of mankind,originates from diverse cultural experiences and nurtures them in return.Culture is the source of civilization,and civilization is the destination of culture.The two reciprocating mappings form an organic symbiotic relationship of mutual achievement.The universal value shared by different cultures is the gene of common civilization of mankind and the matrix of expanded civilization order.Thus,the greater possibilities for expanding human consensus lie at the level of civilization rather than culture.From the concept of“dual consciousness”of culture and civilization,the construction of the human community with a shared future should take culture into practice and take civilization as its basis.In the era of globalization,we should take the perspective of mankind s common civilization,observe and reflect on the development process of world civilization with the concept of universal value,and provide new ideas for the construction of the human community with a shared future.We should deal with the process of human civilization in an ontological thinking,elevate the universal law of mankind s common civilization to the realm of transcendent belief to make it become the common pursuit of human society,and then resolve the contradiction between the specific culture and the universal civilization.These are huge challenges that cannot be avoided in the construction of the human community with a shared future.