霍克思《九歌》英译中楚地名物的翻译方法研究

Research on the Translation Methods for Chu Vernaculars in David Hawkes’English Translation of the“Jiu ge”

作为《楚辞》最重要的诗篇之一,《九歌》中巫祭仪式的描写展现了先秦时代楚国的各种名物,如动植物、饮食、神祗、乐器、器皿、建筑等,反映了璀璨夺目的楚文化。但是,这些楚地名物给《九歌》乃至《楚辞》的翻译带来很大困难。牛津大学著名汉学家大卫·霍克思的《九歌》英译本运用再创造、泛化、意译等翻译方法较好地将这些楚地名物的含义传达出来,为其他中国典籍中名物的翻译提供了有益的启示。

As one of the most important chapters in the Chu ci,the“Jiu ge”presents a grand shamanic ceremony in which there are various vernaculars such as plants,animals,gods,musical instruments,utensils,and buildings in the State of Chu in pre-Qin times,reflecting a fascinating Chu culture.However,these vernaculars pose great challenges for the translation of the Chu ci,especially the“Jiu ge”.As a world-famous sinologist at Oxford University,David Hawkes effectively represents the vernaculars in his English translation of the“Jiu ge”via the translation methods of recreation,generalization,and free translation.He has set a good example for the rendering of vernaculars in other Chinese classics.