考虑结伴行为的养老场所多群体人员疏散研究

A Study on Multi-group Evacuation in Nursing Home Considering Group Behavior

为了研究养老场所内不同类型的结伴行为对人员疏散的影响,通过分析结伴行为与老年人运动的关系,建立了考虑不同速度和体力值变化的元胞自动机疏散模型,定义了结伴行人的转移概率。为解决多种群体目标位置竞争冲突的问题,提出了两种冲突解决策略。对护理人员比例、老年人结伴概率和行人密度等影响疏散的重要因素进行讨论。研究表明:在疏散过程中不同群体行人发生人员冲突时,优先疏散速度较快的群体可以加快整体的疏散进程;护理人员比例和老年人结伴概率越大疏散效率越高;护理人员分布在疏散场所的远门区疏散效果较好。该研究成果可为优化养老场所人员疏散过程提供参考。

In order to study the influence of different types of group behavior on personnel evacuation in the nursing home,by analyzing the relationship between group behavior and movement of the elderly,a cellular au⁃tomaton evacuation model is established considering the changes of different speeds and physical values,and the transfer probability of pedestrians with a group is defined.In order to solve the problem of competition and conflict of multiple groups'target positions,two conflict resolution strategies are proposed.The important factors affecting evacuation,such as nursing staff ratio,elderly group probability and pedestrian density,are discussed.The re⁃sults show that when different groups of pedestrians have conflicts in the evacuation process,the group with faster evacuation speed can accelerate the overall evacuation process;The higher the proportion of nursing staff and the probability of old people's companionship,the higher the evacuation efficiency;Nursing staff distributed in the far gate area of the evacuation site evacuation effect is better.The research results can provide reference for optimiz⁃ing the evacuation process of elderly care places.