六味地黄丸调节肠道微生物组平衡抑制卵巢早衰小鼠的氧化应激

Liuwei Dihuang Wan inhibits oxidative stress in premature ovarian failure mice by regulating intestinal microbiota

背景:研究表明,卵巢早衰患者肠道菌群结构发生变化,肠道菌群失调可能是卵巢早衰发生的重要机制之一。目的:探讨六味地黄丸对环磷酰胺诱导卵巢早衰小鼠氧化应激和肠道微生物群的影响。方法:45只雌性ICR小鼠随机分为3组:空白组(正常小鼠)、模型组(卵巢早衰小鼠)、六味地黄丸组,后2组小鼠一次性腹腔注射环磷酰胺(120 mg/kg)制备卵巢早衰小鼠模型,造模成功后六味地黄丸组小鼠连续灌胃六味地黄丸(1.56 g/kg)28 d,其余2组灌胃等量生理盐水28 d,灌胃结束后取材。每周记录小鼠体质量,计算卵巢指数,苏木精-伊红染色观察小鼠卵泡的发育情况,ELISA法检测血清抗苗勒管激素、雌二醇、促卵泡激素、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和丙二醛水平,并通过16S rDNA测序检测所有小鼠的肠道微生物组。结果与结论:(1)模型组小鼠的毛发疏松,活力及抓力下降,体质量几乎无增长,卵巢指数下降;六味地黄丸治疗后小鼠的体质量高于模型组,卵巢指数也随之升高(P<0.05)。(2)模型组小鼠动情周期紊乱;六味地黄丸能恢复卵巢早衰小鼠的发情周期,减少闭锁卵泡数量。(3)模型组小鼠血清中促卵泡激素、丙二醛水平显著升高(P<0.01),血清雌二醇、抗苗勒管激素、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶水平显著下降(P<0.01);六味地黄丸组小鼠血清促卵泡激素、丙二醛水平显著降低(P<0.01),雌二醇、抗苗勒管激素、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶水平升高。(4)根据16S rDNA测序结果,六味地黄丸可调控肠道微生物群的丰度和多样性,可增加有益菌的相对丰度,KEGG通路分析显示,肠道微生物群与代谢途径、次生代谢产物的生物合成、不同环境中的微生物代谢、氨基酸的生物合成等通路受六味地黄丸的调控。(5)结论:肠道微生物组的改变可能是六味地黄丸治疗卵巢早衰的潜在机制之一。六味地黄丸能调节肠道微生物组结构,增加有益菌数量,减少有害菌数量,从而改善肠道微生态平衡。这种调节作用有助于降低氧化应激水平,进一步抑制卵巢早衰小鼠卵巢氧化应激。

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that patients with premature ovarian failure have changes in the structure of intestinal flora and that imbalance of intestinal microbiota may be one of the important mechanisms in the development of premature ovarian failure.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of Liuwei Dihuang Wan on oxidative stress and intestinal microbiota in premature ovarian failure mice induced by cyclophosphamide.METHODS:Forty-five female ICR mice were randomized into three groups:blank group(normal mice),model group(premature ovarian failure mice),and Liuwei Dihuang Wan group.A mouse model of premature ovarian failure was prepared by one-time intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide(120 mg/kg)in the latter two groups.After successful modeling,the Liuwei Dihuang Wan group was intragastrically administered for 28 continuous days,and the other two groups were intragastrically administered with the same amount of normal saline for 28 days.Mouse body mass was recorded weekly and ovarian index was calculated.The development of mouse follicles was observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining.ELISA method was used to detect serum levels of anti-Mullerian hormone,estradiol,follicle stimulating hormone,superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase,and malondialdehyde.Meanwhile,the gut microbiome of all mice was detected through 16S rDNA sequencing.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The mice in the model group had loose hair,decreased vigor and grip strength,almost no increase in body mass,and decreased ovarian index.Whereas,the mouse body mass and ovarian index were increased after treatment with Liuwei Dihuang Wan(P<0.05).The estrous cycle of mice in the model group was disorganized;Liuwei Dihuang Wan could restore the estrous cycle and reduce the number of atretic follicles in mice with premature ovarian failure.The serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone and malondialdehyde in the model group significantly increased(P<0.01),while the levels of estradiol,anti-Mullerian hormone,superoxide dismutase,and glutathione peroxidase significantly decreased(P<0.01).Liuwei Dihuang Wan could significantly decrease the serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone and malondialdehyde(P<0.01),and increase the levels of estradiol,anti-Mullerian hormone,superoxide dismutase,and glutathione peroxidase.According to the 16S rDNA sequencing results,Liuwei Dihuang Wan could regulate the abundance and diversity of intestinal microbiota,and increase the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria.KEGG pathway analysis showed that the intestinal microbiota and metabolic pathways,biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,microbial metabolism in different environments,and biosynthesis of amino acids were regulated by Liuwei Dihuang Wan.To conclude,the changes in the structure of intestinal microbiome may be one of the potential mechanisms of Liuwei Dihuang Wan in treating premature ovarian failure.Liuwei Dihuang Wan can regulate the structure of intestinal microbiome,increase the number of beneficial bacteria,reduce the number of harmful bacteria,and thus improve the balance of intestinal microbiota.This regulatory effect helps to reduce oxidative stress levels and further inhibit ovarian oxidative stress in mice with premature ovarian failure.